走向更公平、更有用的教育:法国高校招考制度的演进及启示  

Towards Fairer and More Useful Education: The Evolution and Enlightenment of the Recruitment System of French Universities

作　　者：李健[1,2] 张钰 王丹艺 LI Jian;ZHANG Yu;WANG Danyi(School of Mathematics and Statistics,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715;Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715;Chongqing Aerospace Polytechnic,Chongqing,400021;Institute of Curriculum and Teaching,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学数学与统计学院,重庆400715 [2]西南大学基础教育研究中心,重庆400715 [3]重庆航天职业技术学院,重庆400021 [4]华东师范大学课程与教学研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《教育与教学研究》2021年第5期81-93,共13页Education and Teaching Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“国家基础教育质量监测与评价体系研究”(编号:19ZDA359);重庆市高等教育学会高等教育科学研究课题“工匠精神与高职人才培养质量标准的创新发展研究”(编号:CQGJ17155B)。

摘　　要：为实现"更公平、更有用"的教育,法国在2017年5月又一次进行高校招考制度改革,以期缓解法国大学高达60%的学业失败率。此次改革的重点包括:帮助学生提前做好职业发展规划;优化志愿填报规则;优化课程设置,增加个性化课程;简化毕业会考,增加持续性监测;优化成绩计算方式;提高学生生活保障水平并完善医保政策。综合来看,这一改革对我国高考改革的启示在于:为学生提供生涯规划支持,为高考选科及职业发展做好准备;建立多元的人才评价机制,促进人才多元化发展;营造更加公平合理的高考招生录取环境,帮助考生做出更准确的志愿选择。In order to achieve a "fairer and more useful" education, France ushered in another reform of the college admissions system in May 2017,with a view to alleviating the academic failure rate of French universities, which is as high as 60%.The key points of this reform include: helping students make career development plans in advance;optimizing the filing rules of aspiration forms;optimizing curriculum settings and adding personalized courses;simplifying graduation exams and increasing continuous process assessment;optimizing score calculation methods;improving students’ living security standard and improving the medical insurance policy.On the whole, the enlightenment of this reform to China’s college entrance examination reform lies in: providing students with career planning support to prepare for college entrance examination selection and career development;establishing a diversified talent evaluation mechanism to promote the diversified development of talents;creating a fairer and more reasonable enrollment environment of college entrance examination to help candidates make more accurate professional choices.

关 键 词：高考改革 招考制度 法国 

分 类 号：G510[文化科学—教育学]