烟草贮藏过程中包装方式对TSNAs形成的影响  

Effects of packaging methods on the formation of TSNAs in tobacco during storage

作　　者：张梦玥 刘德水 王俊 赵园园[1] 周骏 马雁军 鲁喜梅 史宏志[1] ZHANG Mengyue;LIU Deshui;WANG Jun;ZHAO Yuanyuan;ZHOU Jun;MA Yanjun;LU Ximei;SHI Hongzhi(Tobacco College of Henan Agricultural University/Tobacco Agriculture Harm Reduction Research Center,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Beijing Cigarette Factory of Shanghai Tobacco Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100024,China;Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院/烟草农业减害研究中心,郑州450002 [2]上海烟草集团北京卷烟厂有限公司,北京100024 [3]郑州大学,郑州450002

出　　处：《中国烟草学报》2021年第2期8-19,共12页Acta Tabacaria Sinica

基　　金：上海烟草集团北京卷烟厂有限公司科技项目“烟草硝酸盐积累机理及降低硝酸盐含量调节技术研究”(合同号2019110004340244)。

摘　　要：贮藏阶段是烟叶和烟梗内烟草特有亚硝胺(TSNAs)形成的重要时期,为探索有效抑制贮藏期间TSNAs形成的方法,以白肋烟、烤烟、雪茄茄芯和茄衣烟叶叶片和烟梗为材料,研究了不同包装方式对常温贮藏烟叶和高温贮藏烟叶TSNAs含量的影响。结果表明,白肋烟烟叶采用不同包装方式常温条件下贮藏一年后TSNAs增加幅度差异显著,真空包装烟叶TSNAs含量最低,分别比纸箱包装烟叶和塑料袋包装烟叶降低45.45%和46.02%,且真空包装后烟叶中性致香成分含量较高。将不同类型的烟叶叶片和烟梗进行高温贮藏后常规包装(纸箱包装)的叶片和烟梗的TSNAs含量均大幅上升,但真空包装的不同类型烟叶样品中TSNAs增加幅度显著降低,高温贮藏条件下,真空包装的雪茄茄芯叶片和烟梗TSNAs总量分别比常规包装叶片和烟梗降低38.52%、44.80%,茄衣叶片和烟梗分别降低28.57%、35.86%、白肋烟叶片和烟梗分别降低40.65%、20.84%,且以上三种类型烟叶烟梗TSNAs含量显著高于叶片;烤烟叶片和烟梗TSNAs总量分别比常规包装烟叶降低21.52%、38.29%,叶片TSNAs含量显著高于烟梗。采用真空包装贮藏后,可有效地隔绝氧气,有效抑制贮藏过程中TSNAs的形成和积累。The storage stage of tobacco leaves and stems is an important period for the formation of tobacco specific nitrosamines(TSNAs).In order to explore the effective methods to inhibit the formation of TSNAs during storage,the effects of different conventional packaging methods and vacuum packaging on TSNAs content in tobacco leaves stored at room temperature and high temperature were studied using burley tobacco,flue-cured tobacco,cigar core leaves and stems as the material.The results showed that the TSNAs content in f burley tobacco leaves after natural storage with different packaging methods was significantly different.The content of TSNAs in tobacco leaves after vacuum packaging was the lowest,which was 45.45%and 46.02%lower than that of carton packaging and plastic packaging,respectively,and the content of neutral aroma components in vacuum-packaged tobacco leaves was higher.After different types of tobacco leaves and stems were stored at high temperature,the content of TSNAs in leaves and stems after conventional packaging increased significantly,but the increase range of TSNAs in different types of tobacco leaves under vacuum packaging was significantly reduced.Compared with tobacco leaves stored at high temperature under conventional packaging,the total TSNAs content in cigar core leaves and stems decreased by 38.52%and 44.80%,respectively that of cigar jacket leaves and stems decreased by 28.57%and 35.86%,respectively,and that of burley tobacco leaves and stems decreased by 40.65%and 20.84%,respectively.The TSNAs content in stems of the above three types of tobacco was significantly higher than that in leaves.The total TSNAs contents in leaves and stems of flue-cured tobacco under vaccum packaging were 21.52%and 38.29%lower than those in leaves and stems under conventional packaging,and the TSNAs content in leaves was significantly higher than that in stems.Vacuum packaging can effectively isolate oxygen and inhibit the formation and accumulation of TSNAs during storage.

关 键 词：烟草 贮藏 烟草特有亚硝胺 真空包装 

分 类 号：TS206[轻工技术与工程—食品科学] TS44[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]