"我们"在何意义上"能够是幸福的"?——一个依据《尼各马可伦理学》的阐释纲要  

In What Sense We "Can Be ■":An Outline Interpretation Based on Nicomachean Ethics

作　　者：廖申白[1] LIAO Shenbai(School of Philosophy,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学哲学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《云梦学刊》2021年第4期50-58,共9页Journal of Yunmeng

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“希腊罗马伦理学综合研究”(13&ZD065)

摘　　要：在我们灵魂自然赋予的“接受德性的能力”未丧失、未受损的前提下,作为一个“认真的实践者”,我们能够通过正常地运用使它们得到实践的培养;能够通过“实践的学习”使我们的感觉-行动能力与思想能力相互协调地发展,使灵魂获得新的能力;能够像一个“认真的人”那样,“关心”地运用我们由此获得的灵魂能力、感受与品性,使之成为灵魂的新的自然,接近并获得德性,令我们的生命充实繁荣。而若我们能这样地生活下去,我们也将由是而能够去沉思永恒事物,沉思和把握我们整个生命就其自身而言的“是其所是”或“形式”。在这些意义上,我们能够“是幸福的”《尼各马可伦理学》不是在对任何一个“有理性的人”提出一个应当去过沉思的生活的论证或劝勉,而是在向那些具有理性的“认真的实践者”指出一条下面将说明的他/她将能够“是幸福的”的真实的“道路”。On the basis that we have had our naturally bestowed abilities of accepting virtues incorrupt and unhurt, we as "serious practitioners" can have them practically cultured by normal exercises, can have our abilities of sense-action and that of thought developed coordinately, which will enable our soul to require some new capacities, and further, can also concernedly exercise our hereby acquired capacities, feelings and characters and make them grow into a new nature of soul, making us to approach and acquire the virtues, and thus making our life rich and prosperous;and if we have been living such a life this way,we will also be able to contemplate the eternal things and to ponder at to ti ein einai or the form of our life as itself. So far as these are concerned, we can "be eudaimon". Nicomachean Ethics has not meant to provide an argument or persuasion to any rational being that he/she ought to live a contemplate life, instead, it means to point out a true road to those rational persons as serious practitioners that he/she can go and "be eudaimon".

关 键 词：《尼各马可伦理学》 是 幸福 “能” “实现” 

分 类 号：B82-09[哲学宗教—伦理学]