居民冰箱食源性致病菌病原学分析  

Etiological analysis of food-borne pathogenic bacteria in refrigerator of community residents

作　　者：郝民[1] 宋衍燕[1] 王恒伟[1] 田甜[1] 邵希凤[1] 孙灵利[1] HAO Min;SONG Yan-Yan;WANG Heng-Wei;TIAN Tian;SHAO Xi-Feng;SUN Ling-Li(Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心,北京100021

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2021年第7期2686-2690,共5页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

摘　　要：目的了解北京市朝阳区居民冰箱卫生状况及食源性致病菌耐药与毒力分析。方法采集居民冰箱拭子进行大肠菌群、葡萄球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌分离鉴定;分离菌株采用微量肉汤稀释法、纸片法及PCR法进行耐药及毒力研究。结果 120件棉签拭子,大肠菌群、葡萄球菌阳性率48.33%(58/120)、49.17%(59/120),金黄色葡萄球菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌阳性率2.50%(3/120)、1.67%(2/120),未检出单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌。金黄色葡萄球菌红霉素耐药率33.33%(1/3);凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌青霉素、红霉素耐药率23.21%(13/56)、21.43%(12/56)。小肠结肠耶尔森氏菌头孢唑林耐药率50%(1/2)。金黄色葡萄球菌毒力基因seb阳性率66.67%(2/3),sea、sec、sed、see与耐药基因mec A、van A阴性;凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌mec A阳性率1.69%(1/59),sea、seb、sec、sed、see、van A阴性。小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌毒力基因ail、yst A、vir F、yad A阴性,yst B阳性。结论北京市朝阳区居民冰箱卫生状况差,存在食源性疾病传播风险,应加强冰箱正确使用宣传教育。Objective To investigate the hygienic status of community household refrigerators and the drug resistance and virulence of food-borne pathogens in Chaoyang district, Beijing. Methods The swabs of community household refrigerators were collected for isolation and identification of Coliforms, Staphylococcus, Listeria monocytogenes and Yersinia enterocolitica. The drug resistance and virulence of the isolated strains were detected by broth microdilution, K-B assay and PCR. Results The positive rates of coliforms and Staphylococcus were 48.33%(58/120) and 49.17%(59/120). The positive rates of Staphylococcus aureus and Yersinia enterocolitica were 2.50%(3/120) and 1.67%(2/120). Listeria monocytogenes were not detected. The resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus to erythromycin was 33.33%(1/3). The resistance rate of coagulase negative Staphylococcus to penicillin and erythromycin were 23.21%(13/56), 21.43%(12/56). The resistance rate of Yersinia enterocolitica to cefazolin was 50%(1/2). The positive rate of Staphylococcus aureus virulence gene seb was 66.67%(2/3), sea, sec, sed, see and mec A、van A were negative;the positive rate of coagulase negative Staphylococcus mec A was 1.69%(1/59), sea, seb, sec, sed, see, van A were negative. The virulence genes of Yersinia enterocolitica ail、yst A、vir F、yad A were negative, but yst B was positive. Conclusion The hygienic status of community household refrigerators in Chaoyang district,Beijing is poor and there is a risk of food-borne diseases spreading. Therefore, the propaganda and education on the correct use of refrigerators publicity and education on the correct use of refrigerators should be strengthened.

关 键 词：居民冰箱 食源性致病菌 毒力基因 耐药性 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]