一种有趣的马铃薯脱水产品——巧妞  

Introduction of an Interesting Dehydrated Potato Products——Chu?o

作　　者：王昭珺 曾凡逵[1] 刘晓风[2] 刘刚[1] WANG Zhaojun;ZENG Fankui;LIU Xiaofeng;LIU Gang(Research and Development Center for Eco-materials and Eco-chemistry,Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000;College of Life Science and Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所,环境材料与生态化学研究发展中心,兰州730000 [2]兰州理工大学生命科学与工程学院,兰州730050

出　　处：《食品工业》2021年第4期316-321,共6页The Food Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0401302-02,2018YFF0213505);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-10);甘肃省马铃薯产业技术体系(GARS-03-P6)。

摘　　要：巧妞是一种脱水马铃薯加工产品,由玻利维亚、秘鲁的盖丘亚族人和艾马拉族人发明,这种加工产品方法在南美洲的阿根廷、玻利维亚、智利和秘鲁依然被广泛采用。由于其具有低能耗、环保的特点,可利用巧妞的特性应用于中国马铃薯加工。对巧妞的历史、加工工艺、种类、营养成分及食用方式等进行综述。其工艺为:利用安第斯高原夜晚的低温将马铃薯冷冻,白天进行解冻脱水,这样反复循环数次,直到含水量降低到可以贮藏。此外,巧妞的食用方式很多,可与草药一起烹饪食用,还可进一步加工成马铃薯生全粉,与面粉混合扩展其应用领域。虽然巧妞是一种古老的马铃薯脱水加工产品,但其历史悠久,工艺独特,且营养成分损失少,这种制作方式在很多地区广泛使用。Chu?o is a freeze-dried potato production traditionally made by Quechua and Aymara communities of Bolivia and Peru. This ancient process is still widely used in South America, including Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Peru. With characteristics of low energy cost and environmentally friendly, the characteristics of Chu?o in potato processing can be used in China. The history, processing method, species, nutrition composition and eating methods of Chu?o are summarized. Chu?o is obtained by exposing potatoes to the very low night temperatures of the Andean Altiplano, freezing them, and subsequently exposing them to the intense sunlight of the day, repeatting several times until the water content is low enough for storage. There are many different eating ways of Chu?o. It can be cooked and eaten with herbs, it also can be further processed into raw dehydrated potato flour and mixed with wheat flour to expand the application fields. Although Chu?o is a very ancient way to process dehydrated potato production. It has a long history, unique craftsmanship, less loss of nutrients and a variety of ways of eating, so this method of production is still widely used in many areas.

关 键 词：马铃薯 脱水马铃薯 巧妞 

分 类 号：TS215[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]