日语「テオク」的语法化及其类型学意义  

The Grammaticalization of Teoku and Its Significance in Linguistic Typology

作　　者：周伟 Zhou Wei(Hunnan Normal University)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2021年第2期37-45,共9页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

摘　　要：「テオク」是现代日语中专用的备放体语法标记。本文基于语料库,揭示出日语动词「テオク」从放置义到预备义的演化阶段与表征及在语法层面上的进一步虚化过程。在整理其语法化轨迹后,解释其演化诱因与机制。除意义上的虚化外,「テオク」在形式上(语音与书写表记)也发生了简化,符合语法化的一般途径。从语言类型学角度看,这一演化途径在韩语(??/??)、蒙古语(talbiqu)等语言中也存在,具有相当的普遍性。Teoku is a special grammatical marker in modern Japanese.Based on corpus research,this paper reveals the evolutionary stages and representations of the Japanese verb Teoku from"put"to"preparation"and its further grammatical falsification.After clarifying its grammaticalization track,we will explain its evolutionary incentives and mechanisms.In addition to the emptiness of meaning,the formality also changed,including pronunciation and writing,conforming to the way of grammaticalization.From the perspective of linguistic typology,this evolutionary approach also exists in Korean,Mongolian and other languages,and is quite universal.

关 键 词：备放体 语法化 类型学 补助动词 语料库 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语]