金属有机骨架固定脂肪酶的研究进展  

Recent advances in lipase immobilization by metal-organic frameworks

作　　者：陈文艺 陆启玉[2] 钟南京 CHEN Wenyi;LU Qiyu;ZHONG Nanjing(School of Food Science,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Zhongshan 528458,China;College of Food Science and Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学食品科学学院,广东中山528458 [2]河南工业大学粮油食品学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《河南工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期121-128,135,共9页Journal of Henan University of Technology：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31772000);广东省高等学校特色创新项目(2018KTSCX11)。

摘　　要：脂肪酶具有高度专一性、高催化效率和对环境友好等特点,使其成为工业上重要的生物催化剂。脂肪酶的固定化技术克服了游离脂肪酶易失活、稳定性差、难以回收利用等缺点,扩大了脂肪酶的实际应用范围。近年来,由于金属有机骨架(MOFs)独特的性质,如比表面积大、孔隙率高、易于调节的孔径、易修饰的金属节点和配体以及合成条件温和等,其作为固定化脂肪酶的新型载体成为研究热点。综述了近年来MOFs固定化脂肪酶的研究进展,其中重点介绍了脂肪酶在MOFs上的固定化方法,包括表面吸附、共价连接、孔吸附和共沉淀,并且分析了不同方法的优势和局限性。新型MOF-脂肪酶复合材料具有显著的特性,其催化活性、稳定性(包括热、p H值、有机溶剂和储存稳定性)、可重复利用性和选择性等酶学性能均有很大的提高。还概述了MOF-脂肪酶复合物在水解、酯化、酯交换等生物催化领域的巨大潜力。最后对MOFs应用于脂肪酶固定化研究以及复合物在生物催化领域的应用进行了展望。The unique properties of lipases such as better specificity,high catalytic efficiency and environmental friendliness enable them as the industrially important biocatalysts.The lipase immobilization technology expands the practical application of lipases since it overcomes the limitations of free lipase,such as easy inactivation,poor stability and difficulty in recovery.In recent years,as an emerging type of carriers for lipase immobilization,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) materials have attracted great attentions in academic fields due to their unique properties,such as high surface area and pore volume,the ease of pore size tuning,the facile modification on both metal nodes and ligands as well as mild synthetic conditions.This review summarized the recent advances in immobilized lipase on MOFs with emphasis on the immobilization methods and modes of lipase on MOFs,including surface attachment,covalent linkage,pore encapsulation,and coprecipitation.The advantages and limitations of different methods were analyzed as well.An outstanding improvement in catalytic efficiency,enhanced stability(thermal stability,pH stability,organic solvent stability,and storage stability),promising recyclability and high selectivity are some of the fascinating features of the novel MOF-lipase composites.In addition,the potential application of lipaseMOF composites in the fields of hydrolysis,esterification,transesterification and other biocatalysis was discussed.Finally,the application of MOFs in lipase immobilization and the application of lipase-MOF composites in the field of biocatalysis are prospected.

关 键 词：金属有机骨架 脂肪酶 固定化 生物催化 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]