护士职业承诺在护理工作环境与离职倾向间的中介效应  

The mediating effect of nurses'professional commitment between practice environment and turnover intention

作　　者：胡慧秀[1] 孙超[1] 李欣[1] 王雪莲[1] Hu Huixiu;Sun Chao;Li Xin;Wang Xuelian(Nursing Department,Beijing Hospital,National Center of Gerontology,Institute of Geriatric Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]北京医院护理部,国家老年医学中心,中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,100730

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2021年第20期2718-2723,共6页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：北京医院2018年院内课题(BJ-2018-040);国家卫生健康委能力建设和继续教育中心课题(1003)。

摘　　要：目的:了解我国东中西部地区的护士职业承诺、护理工作环境及护士离职倾向现状,并探讨护士职业承诺在护理工作环境与护士离职倾向间的中介效应。方法:本研究为横断面研究。采取便利抽样法,于2019年3—12月选取我国东中西部地区共11所三级医院和6所二级医院的3142名护士作为研究对象,采用一般情况调查表、护理工作环境量表(PES)、护士职业承诺量表和护士离职倾向问卷进行调查。本研究共发放问卷3142份,回收有效问卷3018份,有效回收率为96.1%。结果:3018名护士的PES、护士职业承诺量表及护士离职倾向问卷的条目均分分别为(3.02±0.49)、(3.54±0.67)、(2.72±0.99)分。护士职业承诺、护理工作环境及护士离职倾向间存在相关性(P<0.01)。分层回归分析显示,控制一般资料后,PES中的充足的人力和物力维度以及护士职业承诺量表中情感承诺、规范承诺、机会承诺维度是护士离职倾向的独立影响因素。中介效应分析显示,护士职业承诺在护理工作环境与护士离职倾向间的中介效应为0.267,占总效应的57.3%。结论:护士职业承诺在护理工作环境与护士离职倾向间存在部分中介作用,提示护理管理者可通过构建健康护理工作环境或提高护士职业承诺,降低护士离职倾向,稳定护理队伍。Objective To understand the status quo of nurses'professional commitment,practice environment,and turnover intention in the eastern,middle and western parts of China,and to explore the mediating effects of nurses'professional commitment between practice environment and turnover intention.Methods In this cross-sectional study,a total of 3142 nurses from 11 ClassⅢhospitals and 6 ClassⅡhospitals in the eastern,middle and western parts of China were selected by convenient sampling from March to December 2019.They were investigated with the general information questionnaire,Practice Environment Scale(PES),Nurses'Professional Commitment Scale,and Nurses'Turnover Intention Questionnaire.Totally 3142 questionnaires were distributed,and 3018 valid questionnaires were collected,accounting for an effective recovery rate of 96.1%.Results The average scores of the PES,Nurses'Professional Commitment Scale,and Nurses'Turnover Intention Questionnaire in the 3018 nurses were(3.02±0.49),(3.54±0.67),and(2.72±0.99).There was a correlation among nurses'professional commitment,practice environment,and turnover intention(P<0.01).The hierarchical regression analysis showed that after controlling for general data,sufficient human and material dimensions in the PES and the emotional commitment,normative commitment,and opportunity commitment dimensions in the Nurses'Professional Commitment Scale were independent influencing factors of nurses'turnover intention.The mediating effect analysis revealed that the mediating effect of nurses'professional commitment between practice environment and turnover intention was 0.267,accounting for 57.3%of the total effect.Conclusions Nurses'professional commitment shows mediating effects between nurses'practice environment and turnover intentions,suggesting that nursing managers can reduce nurses'turnover intention and stabilize the nursing team by constructing a healthy practice environment or improving nurses'professional commitment.

关 键 词：护士 职业承诺 工作环境 离职倾向 中介效应 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]