The underlying mechanism of prodromal PD:insights from the parasympathetic nervous system and the olfactory system  

作　　者：Shu-Ying Liu Piu Chan A.Jon Stoessl 

机构地区：[1]Department of Neurobiology,Neurology and Geriatrics,Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University,Beijing 100051,China [2]Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson’s Disease,Parkinson Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders,Beijing 100051,China [3]Pacific Parkinson’s Research Centre,Division of Neurology and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health,University of British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health,Vancouver V6T 1Z3,BC,Canada

出　　处：《Translational Neurodegeneration》2017年第1期20-28,共9页转化神经变性病（英文）

摘　　要：Neurodegeneration of Parkinson’s disease(PD)starts in an insidious manner,30–50%of dopaminergic neurons have been lost in the substantia nigra before clinical diagnosis.Prodromal stage of the disease,during which the disease pathology has started but is insufficient to result in clinical manifestations,offers a valuable window for disease-modifying therapies.The most focused underlying mechanisms linking the pathological pattern and clinical characteristics of prodromal PD are the prion hypothesis of alpha-synuclein and the selective vulnerability of neurons.In this review,we consider the two potential portals,the vagus nerve and the olfactory bulb,through which abnormal alpha-synuclein can access the brain.We review the clinical,pathological and neuroimaging evidence of the parasympathetic nervous system and the olfactory system in the neurodegenerative process and using the two systems as models to discuss the internal homogeneity and heterogeneity of the prodromal stage of PD,including both the clustering and subtyping of symptoms and signs.Finally,we offer some suggestions on future directions for imaging studies in prodromal Parkinson’s disease.

关 键 词：Parkinson’s disease PRODROMAL ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN Parasympathetic nervous system Olfactory system SUBTYPE 

分 类 号：TP3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]