材料呈现与线索提示方式对自闭症儿童共同注意的影响  

A Study on the Influence of Material Presentation and Clue Prompt on Common Attention of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

作　　者：唐泉 林云强[2] TANG Quan;LIN Yunqiang(Department of Preschool Education and Special Education,Ganzhou Teachers College,Ganzhou Jiangxi,341000;Hangzhou College for Kindergarten Teachers,Zhejiang Normal University,Hangzhou,311231)

机构地区：[1]赣州师范高等专科学校学前教育与特殊教育系,江西赣州341000 [2]浙江师范大学杭州幼儿师范学院,杭州311231

出　　处：《现代特殊教育》2021年第10期48-56,共9页Modern Special Education

基　　金：江西省教育科学“十三五”规划2018年度一般课题“综合运用应用行为分析技术促进自闭症儿童共同注意的个案研究”(18YB334)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：为探讨材料呈现与线索提示方式对自闭症儿童近距离反应性共同注意的影响,采用被试类型×材料呈现方式×线索提示方式三因素混合实验设计,以被试近距离反应性共同注意的正确反应次数、正确反应时间以及持续时间为评价指标。结果表明,自闭症儿童近距离反应性共同注意在正确反应次数上显著少于普通儿童,在正确反应时间上显著长于智力障碍儿童和普通儿童;在共同注意材料为无声音呈现时,自闭症儿童在正确反应次数上显著多于材料有声音呈现时的次数,正确反应时间也短于材料有声音呈现时的时间;被试的近距离反应性共同注意受材料呈现方式与线索提示方式的交互影响。由此得出研究结论:自闭症儿童具备近距离反应性共同注意的能力,但与普通儿童相比存在明显不足;自闭症儿童近距离反应性共同注意受材料呈现方式的显著影响,在材料无声音呈现情况下表现更好;语言加指点行为更容易唤起儿童的近距离反应性共同注意行为。In order to explore the influence of material presentationmethod and clue prompt method on the close reactivity joint attention of autistic children,the three-factor mixed experimental design of the subject type×material presentationmethod×clue prompt method was used,and the correct response times,correct response time and duration of the subjects’close reactivity joint attention were used as evaluation indicators.The results show that the correct response times of children with autism are significantly less than those of ordinary children,and the correct response time is significantly longer than that of children with intellectual disabilities and ordinary children;when the joint attention material is presented without sound,children with autism have significantly more correct responses than when the material is presented with sound,and the correct response time is also shorter than the time when the material is presented with sound;children’s close reactivity joint attention is affected by the interaction between the presentation of materials and the way of cueing.The research arrives at the main conclusions as below:children with autism have close reactivity joint attention,but there are obvious deficiencies compared with ordinary children;the close reactivity joint attention of children with autism is significantly affected by the presentation of the material,and they are more inclined to present the material without sound;language and pointing behaviors are more likely to arouse children’s close reactivity joint attention.

关 键 词：自闭症谱系障碍儿童 材料呈现方式 线索提示方式 近距离反应性共同注意 

分 类 号：G760[文化科学—特殊教育学]