执行功能对藏—汉双语者的汉语流畅性的影响  

The Influence of Executive Function on Chinese Fluency of Tibetan-Chinese Bilinguals

作　　者：王佳佳 崔占玲[2] 张积家 WANG Jia-jia;CUI Zhan-ling;ZHANG Ji-jia(Department of Psychology,Key Research Base of Ethnic Language,Culture and Psychology of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission,Key Research Base of National Psychology and Education,National Education Development Center of Ministry of Education,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872;College of Education,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050024;Faculty of Education,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin,Guangxi 541006)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学心理学系、国家民委民族语言文化心理重点研究基地、教育部民族教育发展中心民族心理与教育重点研究基地,北京100872 [2]河北师范大学教育学院,河北石家庄050024 [3]广西师范大学教育学部,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《民族教育研究》2021年第3期129-138,共10页Journal of Research on Education for Ethnic Minorities

基　　金：中国人民大学心理学系开放课题“藏—汉双语者的二语流畅性及其脑机制——来自行为和脑成像实验的证据”(项目编号:RUCPSY0014);中国人民大学2019年度中央高校建设世界一流大学(学科)和特色发展引导专项资金支持的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：研究旨在通过双任务实验范式,分别从转换、抑制和认知资源方面考察执行功能对藏—汉双语者的汉语流畅性的影响,进而揭示双语经验在言语产生中的作用。结果发现,与汉语音位流畅性相比,藏—汉双语者的汉语语义流畅性更依赖转换和抑制功能,更依赖注意控制资源和短时存储资源。双语经验对藏—汉双语者的汉语流畅性具有重要影响,即跨语言干涉使得双语者的产词量低于汉语母语者,又因双语认知优势在聚类和转换上优于汉语母语者。研究结果对少数民族学生的国家通用语言文字教学与学习有一定启示:(1)应该尽早开始少数民族学生国家通用语言文字教学,提高他们的国家通用语言文字的熟练程度,减少在汉语学习中产生母语的干扰;(2)同时,应该鼓励学生学好本民族的语言和文字,成为熟练的民族语言—国家通用语言双语者,继续发扬双语者在执行功能方面的优势。The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of the dual-task experimental paradigm from the aspects of transformation,inhibition and cognitive resources,so as to reveal the role of bilingual experience in speech generation.The results indicated that compared with Chinese phoneme fluency,the Chinese semantic fluency of Tibetan-Chinese bilinguals was more dependent on conversion and suppression,attention control and short-term storage resources.Bilingual experience has an important influence on the fluency of Chinese of the Tibetan-Chinese bilinguals. The results of shed some lights for the national lingua franca teaching and learning of ethnic students: 1) the teaching of national lingua franca of ethnic students should start as soon as possible to improve their proficiency in the national lingua franca and reduce the interference of their mother tongue in the process;2) to encourage students to learn their own ethnic languages and characters well,to become proficient bilinguals in the national lingua franca,and to continue to develop the advantages of bilinguals in executive functions.

关 键 词：藏—汉双语者 执行功能 汉语流畅性 双语经验 国家通用语言文字 

分 类 号：G750[文化科学—教育学]