黄桃表面污染真菌的分离与鉴定  

Isolation and identification of fungi contamination on surface of yellow peach(Amygdalus persica L.)

作　　者：孟佳佳 范楷[1] 郭文博[1] 王建华[1] 聂冬霞[1] 韩铮[1] MENG Jiajia;FAN Kai;GUO Wenbo;WANG Jianhua;NIE Dongxia;HAN Zheng(Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院农产品质量标准与检测技术研究所,上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海201403

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2021年第4期57-62,共6页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市市级农口系统青年人才成长计划[沪农青字(2018)第1-36号];上海市科学技术委员会“科技创新行动计划”项目(17391901200)。

摘　　要：黄桃生长发育过程易遭受多种霉菌的污染,影响其食用性和商品性,部分霉菌还可能产生真菌毒素,给消费者带来了巨大的安全隐患。为了明确黄桃中污染真菌的种类,采用单孢分离法分离黄桃表面真菌,依据形态学结合分子生物学方法对上海地区黄桃表面的真菌进行分离鉴定。结果表明:共分离并鉴定出59株真菌,分属于12个属,其中链格孢属和镰刀菌属为主要污染真菌,分离比例分别为40.7%和20.3%,其他分离到的真菌有拟茎点霉属、枝孢属、曲霉属、青霉属、葡柄霉属、地霉属、拟青霉属、丝核菌属、小丛壳属、拟暗球腔菌属。样品来源分析显示,镰刀菌为试验地采集样品的主要污染真菌,而链格孢菌为市场中采集样品的主要污染真菌。本研究首次揭示了黄桃中真菌的污染情况,为黄桃病害防治及潜在真菌毒素的污染筛查奠定了基础。Yellow peach(Amygdalus persica L.)was vulnerable to many fungi during their process of growth and development,which affected its edible and commodity,caused huge economic losses.Moreover,some of the fungi would produce mycotoxins and pose a health risk to human beings and livestock.To clarify the fungal pollution of yellow peach in Shanghai,the pathogenic fungi were isolated from yellow peach using the method of single spore separation,the isolated fungi were further identified based on morphological characteristics and ITS sequences in this study.The results showed that a total of 59 isolates,belonging to 12 species,were isolated,out of which Alternaria sp.and Fusarium sp.were two major of fungal pathogens in yellow peach,the isolation ratio were 40.7%and 20.3%,the other isolated strains were designed into species of Aspergillus,Cladosporium,Galactomyces,Glomerella,Paecilomyces,Penicillium,Phaeosphaeriopsis,Phomopsis,Rhizoctonia,Stemphylium.Analysis of the source of samples indicated that Fusarium sp.was the major fungus contamination on surface of yellow peach collected in orchard,while Alternaria sp.was the main fungal contaminant of yellow peach in market.To our knowledge,this was the first report to reveal the fungal contamination in yellow peach,which would provide resources for the prevention and control of fungal disease as well as the screening of potential mycotoxins in yellow peach.

关 键 词：黄桃 污染真菌 形态观察 分子鉴定 

分 类 号：S436.621.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]