贫困地区中小学学生学习力的实证研究  

An Empirical Study of the Learning Ability of Primary and Middle School Students in Poor Areas

作　　者：张家军 张迪 ZHANG Jia-jun;ZHANG Di(Center for Studies of Education and Psychology of Minorities in Southwest China,Southwest University;Faculty of Education,Southwest University)

机构地区：[1]西南大学西南民族教育与心理研究中心 [2]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715

出　　处：《教育理论与实践》2021年第25期48-54,共7页Theory and Practice of Education

基　　金：重庆市社会科学规划项目“贫困地区中小学生学习力的模型建构与提升路径研究”(项目编号:2018YBJY106)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：步入后扶贫时代,教育扶贫应以提高人的可持续发展能力为核心要义,进而实现可持续减贫。学习力不仅影响学生当前的学业成就,更关乎其终身学习和可持续发展。通过对淇、川、渝、藏四省(市、自治区)贫困地区的5721名中小学生进行调查分析发现:贫困地区中小学生学习力尚处在中等偏上水平,不同性别学生的学习力存在着较大的差异,乡村地区学生的学习力有待进一步提高,家庭背景是影响学生学习力的重要因素。提高贫困地区学生的学习力,可采取以下措施:以提高教师素质为着眼点,改进学生的学习行为和学习策略;多方面联合实施因性施教,改变刻板化的性别图式;继续加大对乡村教育的帮扶力度,优化学生的学习环境;将家庭教育作为提升学生学习力的基点,积极开展家长教育培训。Entering the post-poverty alleviation era,poverty alleviation through education should focus on improving people’s ability of sustainable development so as to achieve sustainable poverty reduction.learning ability is not only directly related to students’current academic achievements,but also to their lifelong learning and sustainable development.Through the investigation and analysis of 5,721 primary and middle school students from some poor areas in Yunnan Province,Sichuan Province,Chongqing Municipality and Tibet Autonomous Region,it is found that their learning ability is still above the average,gender differences exist in the learning ability,students from rural areas need to improve their teaming ability,and family background is an important factor affecting their learning ability.The following measures can he taken to improve the learning ability of students in poor areas:improving students’learning behaviors and strategies by focusing on teachers’quality;changing the stereotyped gender schema by jointly implementing the multi-faceted education based on gender;optimizing the learning environment for students by continually increasing support for rural education;and taking family education as the basic point of improving students learning ability by actively carrying out the parents’educational training.

关 键 词：贫困地区 中小学生 学习力 不同性别 不同家长 家庭文化资本 因性施教 资源倾斜 

分 类 号：G420[文化科学—课程与教学论]