时间与燃料约束的参数自主寻优变轨滑模控制  

Time and fuel constrained parameters autonomous optimization forvariable-orbit sliding mode control

作　　者：张晗 康国华 张琪 魏建宇 戴涧峰 ZHANG Han;KANG Guohua;ZHANG Qi;WEI Jianyu;DAI Jianfeng(College of Astronautics,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China;China Academy of Space Technology,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航天学院,南京211106 [2]航天东方红卫星有限公司,北京100094

出　　处：《中国空间科学技术》2021年第4期59-68,共10页Chinese Space Science and Technology

基　　金：上海航天科技创新基金资助项目(SAST2018-047);武汉光电国家研究中心开放基金(2019WNLOKF011)。

摘　　要：航天器相对运动轨控采用滑模控制具有较好的抗扰能力,但参数设置复杂。为贴近工程实际,引入燃料最优约束和寻优算法,提出一种综合考虑时间、燃耗以及误差的参数自主寻优滑模控制。首先,基于线性相对运动方程与指数趋近的滑模控制,建立相对运动滑模控制器模型,并由能量最优的轨迹规划器给出收敛约束时间,实现高效机动;然后,分析滑模控制器中可调参数与时间、误差的约束条件,制定了参数量级寻优规则;最后,通过惯性权值改进的粒子群算法,将误差允许范围内的最少燃料消耗作为寻优评价标准,输出最优量级与系数组合的控制参数,实现滑模的最优控制。仿真表明,使用粒子寻优器得到的参数组合,可使滑模偏差控制器在规定时间内通过最小燃料消耗令位置与速度误差稳定收敛,增加航天器在轨寿命。The relative motion orbit control of spacecraft adopts sliding mode control,which has good anti-disturbance performance,but the parameter setting is complicated.In order to be close to engineering reality,the fuel optimization constraint and optimization algorithm were introduced,and a parameter-based autonomous optimization sliding mode control that comprehensively considers time,fuel consumption and errors was proposed.Firstly,based on the linear relative motion equation and exponential approach sliding mode control,the relative motion sliding mode controller model was established,and the energy-optimized trajectory planner gave the convergence constraint time to achieve efficient maneuvering.Secondly,the constraints of the sliding mode control adjustable parameters,time and error in the device were analyzed,and parameter magnitude optimization rules were formulated.Finally,through inertia weight improved particle swarm algorithm,the least fuel consumption within the allowable error range was used as the optimization evaluation standard,and the output was the combination of superior level and coefficient control parameters.Thus the optimal control of sliding mode was realized.The simulation shows that:using the parameter combination obtained by the particle finder,the sliding mode deviation controller can make the position and velocity errors converge stably through the minimum fuel consumption within specified time,increasing the spacecraft's life in orbit.

关 键 词：自主变轨 滑模控制 粒子群算法 燃料最优 自主寻优 

分 类 号：V448.25[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]