华侨华人二代的反向教育流动与社会适应  

Reverse Educational Migration and Social Adaption of Second-Generation Overseas Chinese

作　　者：张慧[1] 张晓风 ZHANG Hui;KARDASZEWICZ Krzysztof

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学社会与人口学院 [2]华沙大学移民研究中心 [3]华沙大学社会研究所

出　　处：《社会学评论》2021年第4期63-82,共20页Sociological Review of China

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“新型城镇化背景下流动人口的社会融合研究”(16BRK032)。

摘　　要：中国已经逐渐成为一个重要的留学目的地,但是针对华侨华人二代(1)作为留学生的教育移民经历以及反向文化冲击的研究还相对较少。本文选取了成功入读国内顶尖大学的华裔留学生个案来讨论,与学业上的成功相比,这些学生的早期教育流动与社会和文化适应问题对她们回到中国的再社会化有长期的负面影响。从教育人类学的视角出发,本文分析了冲突性教育原则、两代移民价值导向的差别、家庭分离经历以及社会支持网络等因素对于这一群体反向教育流动与社会适应的影响。与以往强调文化认同和社会融入的研究不同,本文从二代的自身经历出发,认为反向教育流动容易产生易被忽视的社会适应问题,"以学业为先"的教育原则也为二代移民的跨文化适应制造了不同程度的障碍。China is emerging as a destination country for international students.Yet relatively little research has been done on the experience and cultural shock of"reverse educational migration"-the second-generation Chinese students overseas who returned to China for education.We draw on detailed case studies of successful students in elite universities to show how their social and cultural adaptation challenges have enduring negative impacts on their socialization in China.We analyze how their experience is often defined by social rather than academic challenges through an educational anthropological perspective.We explained how conflicting education values,early separation from family,and lack of social support contribute to their difficulties in social adaptation.Different from previous research mostly focusing on cultural identity and social integration of the young migrants,this paper points out that the predominant educational culture of"prioritizing academic success"in China has generated long-lasting difficulties for the reverse educational migrants,or returned secondgeneration Chinese students,to re-adapt to their motherland.

关 键 词：华侨华人二代 华裔留学生 教育人类学 教育流动 社会适应 

分 类 号：D634.3[政治法律—政治学] G648.9[政治法律—中外政治制度]