2006—2019年广州市食物中毒突发公共卫生事件流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of food poisoning public health emergency events in Guangzhou City,2006-2019

作　　者：马晓薇[1] 李泳光 冯晶[1] 陈建东[1] 龙佳丽 肖新才[1] 袁俊[1] 谢朝军[1] MA Xiao-wei;LI Yong-guang;FENG Jing;CHEN Jian-dong;LONG Jia-li;XIAO Xin-cai;YUAN Jun;XIE Chao-jun(Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510440,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市疾病预防控制中心,广东广州510440

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2021年第9期1059-1062,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：广州市卫生健康科技项目(20201A010045);广州市卫生和计划生育科技项目(20181A011050)。

摘　　要：目的掌握广州市食物中毒突发公共卫生事件规律和特点,为提高其有效应对和防控提供科学依据。方法收集2006—2019年国家"突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统"报告的广州市食物中毒突发公共卫生事件,应用描述性流行病学方法进行统计和分析。结果研究的14年间,广州市共报告食物中毒突发公共卫生事件89起,原因查明率为94.38%,中毒人数2 692人,死亡11人。69.66%的事件发生在5—9月。75.28%的事件致病因素是细菌,副溶血弧菌是细菌性食物中毒事件的首要致病菌,63.64%的死亡病例归因植物性食物中毒,78.65%的事件中毒场所在集体食堂。事件持续时间的中位数为13.50 h(范围为:0~135.33h)。首例病例发生时间到接报的中位数是0.60 d(范围为:0.04~5.69 d),r=0.601,P<0.01。结论加强食物中毒事件和食品安全风险监测,尽早介入处置,加强针对性的宣传,落实重点场所防控督导巡查,将有助于减少食物中毒事件发生和危害影响。Objective To understand the laws and characteristic of food poisoning public health emergencies in Guangzhou City so as to provide a scientific basis for promoting the effective prevention and control.Methods We collected the reports about food poisoning public health emergencies in Guangzhou City in 2006-2019 from the National Public Health Emergency Reporting Management Information System.And descriptive epidemiological methods were used for statistical analysis.Results During the 14-year study period,a total of 89 food poisoning public health emergencies were reported in Guangzhou City,with the cause detection rate of 94.38%.There were 2,692 food poisoning cases and 11 deaths.69.66%of the incidents occurred between May and September.Bacteria were responsible for 75.28%of the incidents.Vibrio parahaemolyticus was the primary pathogenic factor of bacterial food poisoning.63.64%of the death cases were attributed to food poisoning of plant origin,and 78.65%of the food poisoning incidents occurred after eating in collective canteens.The median duration of the incidents was 13.50 hours(with a range of 0-135.33 hours).The median duration from the occurrence of the first case to reporting online was 0.60 day(with a range of 0.04-5.69 days).(r=0.601,P<0.01).Conclusion Strengthening the monitoring of food poisoning incidents and food safety risk,intervening as soon as possible,improving targeted publicity,and implementing supervision and inspection of prevention and control in important places are conducive to reducing the occurrence and harm of food poisoning public health emergencies.

关 键 词：突发公共卫生事件 食物中毒 食品安全事故 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]