高中生如何解元素推断题  

How to Solve the Problem of Element Inference for Senior High School Students

作　　者：张甲锋 周青[2] ZHANG Jia-Feng;ZHOU Qing(College of Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学教育学院,陕西西安710062 [2]陕西师范大学化学化工学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2021年第17期63-69,共7页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

摘　　要：研究高中生如何解元素推断题能加深对化学问题解决的认识。用整群随机抽样法,以海南省某中学高二和高三年级各一个班的学生为被试,以改编的高考元素推断题为工具,用NVivo分析学生解题的书面报告,发现元素的解法和顺序有多种类型。这种多样性由不同的问题表征方式和解决策略引起。对课程与教学的启示:采用科学表征,并促进学生科学表征建构;重视问题解决的算法,矫正启发法造成的偏差。Studying how do high school students to solve problem of element inference can deepen the understanding of chemical problem solving. Using cluster random sampling, students from each class of senior 2 and senior 3 in a senior high school in Hainan province were tested, using the adapted problems of college entrance examination as a tool, using NVivo to analyze students’ written reports, it was found that there were many types of solution and order of elements. This diversity was caused by different ways of representing and solving strategies. Inspiration to curriculum and teaching: using scientific representation, and promote the construction of students’ scientific representation;emphasis on algorithm strategy, correct deviations caused by heuristics.

关 键 词：高中生 元素推断 问题解决 高考题 

分 类 号：G633.8[文化科学—教育学]