留学生形式动词习得的偏误分析  

Analysis of International Students'Error in Acquiring Dummy Verb

作　　者：姜黎黎 程俏 Jiang Lili;Cheng Qiao(School of Humanities,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311100,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学人文学院,浙江杭州311100

出　　处：《现代语文》2021年第5期85-90,共6页Modern Chinese

摘　　要：现代汉语中,形式动词主要有“进行”“给予”“加以”“给以”“予以”等。从HSK动态作文语料库中共收集到相关语料1063条,其中,偏误用例有165条。留学生习得形式动词的偏误类型主要有误加、遗漏、错序和误代四类。形式动词偏误的成因主要是母语负迁移、目的语知识泛化和回避策略的使用等。针对这些偏误,提出相应的建议。教材编撰时,应采用通俗易懂的语言来解释形式动词,并符合难易度原则;课堂教学时,教师要引导学生区分形式动词和一般动词,可以从共现率高的搭配入手,并将其作为教学重点;还要通过大量的练习,来强化学习者对语言知识的掌握。The Chinese dummy verbs include“jingxing(进行)”,“jiyu(给予)”,“jiayi(加以)”,“geiyi(给以)”and“yuyi(予以)”etc.The 1063 items collected from the HSK dynamic composition corpus show that the four main types of errors in the acquisition of dummy verbs by international students are false add,omission,false order and false replace,and the causes of these errors are mainly negative transfer of native language,over-generalization of knowledge of the target language and the use of avoidance strategy.Therefore,the textbook should explain dummy verbs in the most understandable language and also conform to the principle of difficulty,in teaching,teachers should guide students to distinguish dummy verbs from general verbs,besides,can start from collocations with high co-occurrence rate as the focus of teaching,and also strengthen learners’mastery of language knowledge through a lot of exercises.

关 键 词：形式动词 偏误类型 偏误成因 教学建议 

分 类 号：H195.3[语言文字—汉语]