超滤分离制备玉米须粗多糖及其促益生菌增殖活性研究  

Structure and components of crude polysaccharide separated by ultrafiltration from Stigma maydis and its activity for promoting probiotics proliferation

作　　者：宫春宇[1,2] 徐硕 徐先梅 刘羽婷[1] GONG Chunyu;XU Shuo;XU Xianmei;LIU Yuting(College of Food and Bioengineering,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,China;Beverage Engineering Technology Research Center of Fruit-Vegetable and coarse cereals of Heilongjiang Province,Qiqihar 161006,China;College of Telecommunication and Electronic Engineering,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,China)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学食品与生物工程学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [2]黑龙江省果蔬杂粮饮品工程技术研究中心,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [3]齐齐哈尔大学通信与电子工程学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2021年第17期166-171,共6页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31301596);黑龙江省教育厅基本业务专项(粮头食尾)项目(LTSW201702);植物性食品加工技术特色学科专项项目(YSTSXK201820);黑龙江省优质特色果蔬杂粮开发及产业化创新团队项目(135309112)。

摘　　要：运用红外、电镜扫描分析玉米须超滤多糖的结构,化学法分析其成分,高效液相色谱分析其单糖组成,电感耦合等离子体质谱分析其矿物质元素组成,同时还通过添加该多糖制作酸奶,分析其对酸奶中益生菌的促增殖作用。结果表明:该粗多糖表面结构呈现出边缘带分枝的片状结构和大小不均的杆柱状形态,表面平整光滑;主要成分为多糖(35.43%)和蛋白质(34.51%),还含有灰分(4.78%),少量的总黄酮和总酚,基本不含脂肪;其富含K、Mg、P、Fe和Ca元素,其中K元素含量最高,达1196.90 mg/100 g,Zn、Na和Al元素含量较低;主要由甘露糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖和阿拉伯糖组成,其摩尔比约为1∶0.31∶0.32∶1.39∶3.06∶0.60,不含有半乳糖醛酸和木糖,但可能含有2个未知单糖;活性研究发现,其可以促进酸奶中乳酸菌增殖。Infrared radiation and scanning electron microscope were used to study the structure of crude polysaccharide separated by ultrafiltration from Stigma maydis.The component of polysaccharide,monosaccharide and mineral elements were analyzed.The results indicated that surface structure of crude polysaccharide showed a lamellar structure with branching edge and rod columnar shape with uneven size,and the surface was smooth.It mainly contained 35.43%of sugar,34.51%of protein,4.78%of ash,and a little flavonoid and total phenol,but almost no fat.There were abundant K,Mg,P,Fe and Ca and low content of Zn,Na and Al.The content of K was the highest,reaching 1196.90 mg/100 g.It was mainly composed of mannose,rhamnose,glucuronic acid,glucose,galactose and arabinose,and its molar ratio was about 1∶0.31∶0.32∶1.39∶3.06∶0.60.It did not contain galacturonic acid and xylose.But there were two unknown peaks in HPLC indicating that the existences of two kinds of additional monosaccharide were available.The results showed that it could promote the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria in yoghurt.

关 键 词：玉米须 多糖 扫描电镜 单糖 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]