知识类型、呈现方式与学习风格对大学生在线学习的影响——基于眼动的证据  

The Influence of Knowledge Types,Presentation Methods and Learning Styles on College Students’Online Learning--Based on the Evidence of Eye Movement

作　　者：王改花 傅钢善[2] WANG Gai-hua;Fu Gang-shan(School of Digital Arts,Xi’an University of Posts&Telecommunications,Xi’an,Shaanxi,China 710121;School of Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an,Shaanxi,China 710062)

机构地区：[1]西安邮电大学数字艺术学院,陕西西安710121 [2]陕西师范大学教育学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《现代教育技术》2021年第9期45-54,共10页Modern Educational Technology

基　　金：全国教育科学规划教育部青年课题“基于在线开放课程的大学生学习风格与学习行为的关联研究”(项目编号:ECA190478)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：目前,在线学习已成为高等教育非常重要的学习形式之一。为了探究知识类型(陈述性知识与程序性知识)、呈现方式(PPT与视频)与学习风格(序列型与综合型)对大学生在线学习的影响,从而为有效开展在线学习提供实证证据,文章通过眼动实验,探索了不同学习风格学习者对不同类型在线学习材料学习效果的影响及其内在影响机制。文章发现:学习不同类型的在线学习材料时,序列型、综合型学习者有不同的视觉注意特征,但学习效果、认知负荷、社会存在感无显著差异;当学习不同知识类型的学习材料时,学习者的学习效果、认知负荷、社会存在感有显著差异;知识呈现方式对学习程序性知识的学习效果、认知负荷、社会存在感有显著影响,对陈述性知识无显著影响。研究结论以期为科学设计在线开放课程提供一定的实证证据和理论支撑。At present,online learning has become one of the most important forms of learning in higher education.In order to explore the influence of knowledge types(declarative knowledge and procedural knowledge),presentation methods(PPT and video)and learning styles(sequential and comprehensive learners)on college students’online learning,so as to provide empirical evidence for the effective development of online learning.Based on eye movement tracking,this paper explored the effects of learners of different learning styles on different types of online learning materials and their internal impact mechanisms.The main findings were as follows:firstly,when learning different types of online learning materials,sequential learners and comprehensive learners had different visual attention characteristics,but there was no significant difference on learning effect,cognitive load and social presence.Secondly,as for learning materials of different knowledge types,there were significant differences in learning effect,cognitive load and social presence.Thirdly,the knowledge presentation methods had a significant influence on the learning effect,cognitive load and social presence when learners were learning procedural knowledge,but not declarative knowledge.It is hoped that these conclusions could provide some empirical evidence and theoretical support for scientifically designing online open courses.

关 键 词：学习风格 知识类型 知识呈现方式 学习效果 在线学习 

分 类 号：G40-057[文化科学—教育学原理]