嫦娥五号月面起飞上升制导导航与控制技术  

Guidance navigation and control technology for the lunar ascent vehicle of the Chang’e-5 mission

作　　者：张洪华[1,2] 李骥[1,2] 于萍[1] 关轶峰[1,2] 王磊[1] 王志文[1] 张晓文[1,2] 于洁[1] 王华强[1] 杨巍[1] 王泽国[1] 陈尧[1] 陈上上 赵宇[1] ZHANG HongHua;LI Ji;YU Ping;GUAN YiFeng;WANG Lei;WANG ZhiWen;ZHANG XiaoWen;YU Jie;WANG HuaQiang;YANG Wei;WANG ZeGuo;CHEN Yao;CHEN ShangShang;ZHAO Yu(Beijing Institute of Control Engineering,Beijing 100190,China;Science and Technology on Space Intelligent Control Laboratory,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]北京控制工程研究所,北京100190 [2]空间智能控制技术国家级重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2021年第8期921-937,共17页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家中长期科技发展规划重大专项工程资助项目。

摘　　要：受到测控支持条件和月面起飞设施的限制以及月球与地球环境差异的影响,月面起飞上升面临许多不同于地面运载火箭的技术问题.为了满足月球上高精度和高可靠安全上升入轨的任务要求,嫦娥五号上升器采用了基于星光的自主天文定位和对准、重力场测量、上升自适应动力显式制导等方法来提高入轨精度,采用了惯导系统动态阈值调整自主故障检测、推力监测与发动机自重组、非迭代上升应急制导、入轨后自主应急轨控等方法来进一步提高月面上升的可靠性.基于这些设计,嫦娥五号上升器成功实现了我国首次月球表面起飞上升,入轨精度高于任务要求,为保证后续月球轨道无人交会对接的顺利进行创造了优越的条件.The limitations of the remote control network and the lunar launch platform mean that many technologies differing from those of carrier rockets of the earth are required to transport samples from the hostile lunar environment. The Chang’e-5 mission uses some new techniques, such as the autonomous celestial positioning and orientating method, gravity measurement, and the adaptive powered explicit guidance algorithm, to improve the precision of entry into orbit. Furthermore, other techniques, including the fault diagnosis algorithm with threshold dynamic adjustment, thrust detection and reconstruction, non-interactive emergency guidance for ascent, and an autonomous orbit control strategy for salvage, are adopted to improve the safety of ascent from the lunar surface. These techniques enabled China to complete the moon launch successfully in the historic Lunar Sample Return mission.

关 键 词：嫦娥五号 月面起飞上升 制导、导航与控制 

分 类 号：V476.3[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] V448.2