竞争与合作:哪种学校氛围更利于学生的发展——基于PISA 2018的数据分析  

Competition or Cooperation:Which School Atmosphere Is Better for Students——Based on the PISA 2018 Data Analysis

作　　者：李文烨 Li Wenye

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学教育科学学院教育管理与政策系,南京210024

出　　处：《教育测量与评价》2021年第10期27-34,共8页Educational Measurement and Evaluation

基　　金：江苏省教育学研究生创新与学术交流中心2020—2021年度科研项目(2510605003)研究成果;江苏高校优势学科建设工程(PAPD)资助。

摘　　要：学校氛围与学生发展的关系十分密切,但目前学界有关学校氛围的研究往往关注关系性的存在,对学生主观感受的探讨较少。选择PISA 2018的学生数据,采用倾向得分匹配技术、分位数回归技术分析高竞争学校氛围和高合作学校氛围对学生阅读素养水平的影响。研究结果显示:相对于高合作氛围,高竞争氛围的负面影响比较显著,不利于学生成长;高合作氛围有助于学生形成任务掌握型学习动机,学会高效地分工、合作;高竞争氛围对高分位学生促进作用不明显,但会阻碍学习能力较弱的学生的发展。基于此,学校管理者应积极构建合作型的学校氛围,发挥合作氛围提升学生学业成绩的效能,用制度保障合作型学校氛围的活力。School atmosphere is closely related to students’development.However,the current academic research on school atmosphere tends to focus on the existence of relationship,and there is little discussion on subjective feelings.The student data of PISA 2018 were selected to analyze the impact of school atmosphere of high competition and high cooperation on students’reading literacy level by means of propensity score matching technology and quantile regression technology.The results show that:(1)compared with the high cooperative atmosphere,the high competitive atmosphere has a significant negative impact on the growth of students;(2)high cooperative atmosphere helps students form task-mastering learning motivation and learn to work efficiently and cooperate;(3)high competition atmosphere has the greatest influence on students with learning difficulties in low score,but does not affect students with high score.Based on this,school administrators should actively construct a cooperative atmosphere,exert the efficiency of cooperative atmosphere to improve students’academic performance,and guarantee the vitality of the cooperative atmosphere with the system.

关 键 词：学校氛围 竞争 合作 素养测评 PISA 2018 

分 类 号：G40-058.1[文化科学—教育学原理]