我国超常儿童教育的政策、法律法规现状及思考  

Reflection on the Status Quo of Policies,Laws and Regulations of the Gifted and Talented Children’s Education in China

作　　者：温慧卿[1] 张春莉[2] WEN Huiqing;ZHANG Chunli(Beijing Youth Politics College,Beijing,100102;Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100875)

机构地区：[1]北京青年政治学院,北京100102 [2]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2021年第9期66-72,共7页Chinese Journal of Special Education

摘　　要：近年来,虽然我国超常儿童教育政策、法律法规建设有所发展,但仍有不足。为了实现超常儿童教育的进一步发展,加快其政策和法律法规建设十分必要。本研究借鉴国外立法经验,以《宪法》的受教育权和《未成年人保护法》的"最有利于未成年人"原则为法理依据,建议将超常儿童教育纳入特殊教育体系,尽快建立健全超常儿童教育法律制度:在立法模式上以法律为本,以政策为辅;在立法原则上坚持"因材施教"与"全面发展";在立法内容上对超常儿童教育的法律地位、超常儿童甄别、教育活动管理、支持体系以及权利维护等方面予以细化规定;在立法路径上采取完善相关立法和制定专门性规定并举的方法。In recent years,although China’s education policies,laws and regulations for gifted and talented children have developed,there are still some shortcomings.In order to realize the further development of education for gifted and talented children,it is necessary to accelerate the construction of its policies,laws and regulations.Drawing on the experience of foreign legislation and based on the right to education in the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China and the principle of"most beneficial to minors"in the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Minors,our study suggests that the gifted and talented children’s education should be incorporated into the special education system,and that the legal system of gifted and talented children’s education should be established and improved as soon as possible:In terms of legislative model,it should be based on law and supplemented by policy;In terms of legislative principle,we should adhere to"teaching students according to their aptitude"and to their"all-round development";In terms of legislative content,it specifies the legal status,screening,management of educational activities,support system and protection of rights of gifted and talented children’s education;In terms of legislative path,we should improve the relevant legislation and formulate special provisions at the same time.

关 键 词：超常儿童教育 教育公平 政策 法律法规 

分 类 号：G763[文化科学—特殊教育学]