桑枝屑代料栽培香菇蛋白质营养价值评价  

Evaluation of the protein nutritional value of Lentinus edodes which cultivated by substitute of mulberry sawdust

作　　者：王亚威 胡桂萍[1,2,3] 黄金枝 石旭平 张诚[4] 王丰 曹红妹[1,2,3] 胡丽春 WANG Yawei;HU Guiping;HUANG Jinzhi;SHI Xuping;ZHANG Cheng;WANG Feng;CAO Hongmei;HU Lichun(Jiangxi Sericulture and Tea Research Institute,Nanchang 330202,China;Economic Crops Research Institute of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330202,China;Jiangxi Research Center of Silk and Mulberry Engineering and Technology,Nanchang 330202,China;Institute of Agricultural Applied Microbiology,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所,江西南昌330202 [2]江西省经济作物研究所,江西南昌330202 [3]江西省蚕桑工程技术研究中心,江西南昌330202 [4]江西省农业科学院农业应用微生物研究所,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2021年第20期225-231,共7页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：江西现代农业科研协同创新专项(JXXTCX201803-06);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-18-01A)。

摘　　要：以‘明60’为栽培菌种,研究不同比例(CK:0%、M1:5%、M2:15%、M3:25%、M4:35%、M5:50%、M6:75%、M7:100%,均为质量分数)桑枝屑代料栽培对香菇(Lentinus edodes)粗蛋白、脂肪及氨基酸含量影响,并进行氨基酸营养价值评价。结果表明,桑枝屑代料栽培下香菇中粗蛋白含量无显著差异,但脂肪含量变化显著(P<0.05);不同比例桑枝屑代料栽培香菇均含有17种氨基酸,随着桑枝替代量增加总氨基酸(total amino acid,TAA)和必需氨基酸(essential amino acid,EAA)近似呈先升高后降低的趋势,以M5(50%)最高,分别较对照提高12.52%和15.52%,而其余处理间差异不显著;氨基酸评分、必需氨基酸指数、生物价和营养指数评价显示,M4(35%)处理下香菇营养价值高,必需氨基酸模式和标准蛋白更接近;化学评分和氨基酸比值系数分表明,不同比例桑枝屑代料栽培香菇的氨基酸平衡性均较差,限制氨基酸均为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸(Met+Cys)。综上比较,桑枝屑比例在35%~50%时香菇具有较高含量的优质蛋白和较低含量的脂肪,且氨基酸营养价值高,味道鲜美。Lentinus edodes strain‘Ming60’was used as the experimental material to study the effects of different proportions of mulberry sawdust(CK:0,M1:5%,M2:15%,M3:25%,M4:35%,M5:50%,M6:75%,M7:100%)cultivation on crude protein,fat and amino acid content of L.edodes.The results showed that there was no significant difference in crude protein content in L.edodes cultivated with different proportions of mulberry sawdust,but the fat content changed significantly(P<0.05).There were 17 kinds of amino acids in L.edodes cultivated with different proportions of mulberry sawdust substitutes,and the EAA and TAA of L.edodes presented a trend of increased first and then decreased gradually with the increase of mulberry sawdust substitution rate.Further study revealed that the content of TAA and EAA was the highest when the proportions of mulberry sawdust was at 50%,which was 12.52%and 15.52%higher than that of the control group,respectively.But there was no significant difference between the other treatments.AAS,EAAI,BV and NI evaluation showed that the nutritional value of L.edodes with 35%mulberry branch substitution was high,and the essential amino acid pattern was closer to the standard protein.The CS and the SRC showed that the amino acid balance of L.edodes cultivated with different proportions of mulberry sawdust was relatively poor,and the limiting amino acids were Met+Cys.In summary,when the proportion of mulberry sawdust was at 35%-50%,L.edodes had high quality protein and low fat,and had high amino acid nutritional value and delicious taste.

关 键 词：桑枝屑 代料栽培 香菇 蛋白质 营养评价 

分 类 号：TS219[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] S646.12[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]