高速公路主线同侧相邻单车道入口与出口最小间距研究  

Study on Minimum Distance between Entrance and Exit of Adjacent Single Lanes on Expressway Mainline at Same Side

作　　者：李涛[1] 方志森[1] 吴善根[1] 潘兵宏[2] 柳银芳[1] LI Tao;FANG Zhi-sen;WU Shan-gen;PAN Bing-hong;LIU Yin-fang(CCCC First Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an Shaanxi 710075,China;School of Highway,Chang'an University,Xi'an Shaanxi 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710075 [2]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710001

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2021年第9期141-147,共7页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：中交科技基金项目([2018]05)。

摘　　要：《公路路线设计规范》和《公路立体交叉设计细则》中对主线同侧相邻入口与出口最小间距的规定缺失。为指导设计人员合理选择其指标,提高主线合分流路段交通安全,以主线同侧相邻单车道入口与出口最小间距为研究对象,在分析国内外相关研究的基础上,界定了主线同侧相邻入口与出口间距。通过分析前后合分流区交通量、服务水平、车流密度、构造长度等的影响,考虑变速车道长度和出口标志前置距离的要求,建立了满足合、分流区交通服务水平的主线同侧相邻单车道匝道入口与出口最小间距的计算模型,并提出了无辅助车道情况下高速公路主线同侧相邻单车道入口与出口最小间距推荐值。在此基础上,结合驾驶人对标志的识认过程,建立了满足安全舒适的相邻合分流区预告标前置距离计算模型,提出了不同道路与驾驶特征状态下的标志合理设置位置建议。结果表明:同侧相邻单车道入口与出口最小间距与主线和匝道设计速度、匝道连续入、出口的设计形式均有关系。本研究一定程度上弥补了《公路路线设计规范》和《公路立体交叉设计细则》中关于主线合分流区最小间距指标的空白,为主线同侧相邻合分流区最小间距的设计提供了参考。The minimum distance between entrance and exit of adjacent single lines on expressway mainline at the same side is missing in the Design Specification for Highway Alignment and Guidelines for Design of Highway Grade-separated Intersections. In order to guide designers to select their indicators reasonably and improve the traffic safety of mainline’s merging and dividing sections, taking the minimum distance between the entrance and exit of adjacent single lanes at the same side of the mainline as the research object, based on the analysis of domestic and foreign related researches, the distance between adjacent entrance and exit at the same side of the mainline is defined. By analyzing the influence of traffic volume, service level, traffic density and structure length, considering the requirements of the length of shifting lane and the leading distance of the exit sign, the calculation model of between rump entrance and exit of adjacent single lines on expressway mainline at the same side which meets the traffic service level of the merge and diversion areas is established, and the recommended value of the said distance without auxiliary lane is proposed. On this basis, combining with the driver’s recognition process of signs, the calculation model of the forward distance of the warning signs in the adjacent merging and diverging areas which meets the requirements of safety and comfort is established, and the suggestions for the reasonable placement of signs for different roads and different driving characteristics are proposed. The result shows that the minimum distance between the entrance and exit of adjacent single lanes at the same side is related to the design speeds of the mainline and ramp and the design form of continuous ramp entrance and exit. To a certain extent, this research fills up the gaps in the minimum distance of the mainline merging and diverging areas in the abovementioned specification and guidelines, and provides a reference for the design of the abovementioned minimum distance.

关 键 词：交通安全 高速公路 最小间距 交通流密度 同侧合分流区 匝道 主线入出口 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]