燕窝中亚硝酸盐去除方法的研究  

Investigation of Nitrite Removal Methods in Bird’s Nest

作　　者：孙利[1] 王文枝[1] 蒋萍萍[1] 韩璐桃 张禧庆 修建胜 郝建亮 李立[1] SUN Li;WANG Wenzhi;JIANG Pingping;HAN Lutao;ZHANG Xiqing;XIU Jiansheng;HAO Jianliang;LI Li(Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,Beijing 100176,China;Shandong Jienuo Testing Service Co.,Ltd.,Laiyang 265209,China;Yantai Jieke Testing Service Co.,Ltd.,Laiyang 265200,China)

机构地区：[1]中国检验检疫科学研究院,北京100176 [2]山东杰诺检测服务有限公司,山东莱阳265209 [3]烟台杰科检测服务有限公司,山东莱阳265200

出　　处：《现代食品》2021年第21期191-198,共8页Modern Food

基　　金：中国检验检疫科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2019JK037)。

摘　　要：利用离子色谱法对燕窝的加工及炖煮环节中亚硝酸盐的去除机理进行分析。结果表明,粉碎燕窝经纯水浸泡5 min后94.2%的亚硝酸盐可以被去除;经流动水清洗5 min或10%双氧水浸泡1 min后燕窝中均检测不到亚硝酸盐(<1.0 mg·kg^(-1));经臭氧水浸泡10 min后约98%的亚硝酸盐可以被去除。整盏燕窝经纯水浸泡24 h后有92%~98%的亚硝酸盐可以被去除(浸泡期间换水2次);经流动水清洗后亚硝酸盐去除率在66%~67%;经10%双氧水浸泡2 h后所有燕窝均未检出亚硝酸盐(<1.0 mg·kg^(-1));经臭氧水浸泡30 min后屋燕中检测不到亚硝酸盐(<1.0 mg·kg^(-1)),洞燕在30 min之内亚硝酸盐溶出比较迅速,之后溶出缓慢,浸泡23 h后仍有约10%的亚硝酸盐残留;整盏燕窝中亚硝酸盐含量低的在炖煮30 min后无亚硝酸盐检出,亚硝酸盐含量高的经2.0~2.5 h的炖煮后98%的亚硝酸盐可以被去除。实验数据表明,纯水浸泡、流动水清洗、10%双氧水浸泡、臭氧水浸泡和炖煮等不同方式经单独或配合使用均可有效降低燕窝中亚硝酸盐的含量。The removal mechanisms of nitrite were analyzed by ion chromatography in processing and stewing of crushed and whole bird’s nests.The results showed that 94.2%of nitrite could be removed after soaking in pure water for 5 min.Nitrite could not be detected in bird’s nests after cleaning in flowing water for 5 min and soaking in 10%hydrogen peroxide for 1 min.About 98%of nitrite could be removed after soaking in ozone water for 10 min.After soaking in pure water for 24 h,about 92%~98%of nitrite in the whole bird’s nest could be removed(changing the water twice during soaking).After cleaning with flowing water,the nitrite removal rate was 66%~67%.After soaking in 10%hydrogen peroxide for 2 h,nitrite could not be detected in bird’s nests(<1.0 mg·kg^(-1)).Nitrite could not be detected in house bird’s nests after soaking in ozone water for 30 min(<1.0 mg·kg^(-1))and nitrite dissolved rapidly in cave bird’s nests after 30 min and then dissolved slowly.About 10%of nitrite remained in cave bird’s nests after soaking for 23 h.After stewing for 30 min,no nitrite was detected in bird’s nests with low nitrite content,and 98%of nitrite could be removed in bird’s nests with high nitrite content after stewing for 2.0~2.5 h.The experimental data show that the nitrite content in bird’s nest can be effectively removed by pure water immersion,flowing water cleaning,10%hydrogen peroxide and ozone water immersion and stewing.

关 键 词：燕窝 亚硝酸盐 去除方法 浸泡 清洗 炖煮 

分 类 号：TS207.7[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]