线控转向系统关键技术综述  

Review on Key Technologies of Steer-by-wire System

作　　者：朱永强 宋瑞琦 刘贺[2] 姚俊明 刘硕 ZHU Yong-qiang;SONG Rui-qi;LIU He;YAO Jun-ming;LIU Shuo(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China;School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100080, China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,青岛266520 [2]清华大学车辆与运载学院,北京100080

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2021年第36期15323-15332,共10页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51005128);青岛理工大学2019综合性、设计性、创新性实验教学项目(2019-37)。

摘　　要：汽车转向系统先后经历机械转向、液压助力转向和电动助力转向,然而目前电动助力转向系统(electric power steering,EPS)、电控液压助力转向(electronically controlled hydraulic power steering,EHPS)难以满足智能汽车对转向技术的需求。线控转向系统作为线控智能底盘重要组成部分,是智能汽车架构中必不可少的智能转向系统。为剖析线控转向中的关键技术和发展趋势,首先介绍了线控转向的发展概况,然后分别针对线控转向系统关键软硬件技术进行了全面概述,包括对比分析了4种路感反馈策略、智能算法在位置闭环的应用及双电机协同控制策略、基于线控转向中主动前轮转向的车辆稳定性控制研究、面向功能安全方面的软件冗余方案和硬件冗余方案;最后,对线控转向系统的未来研究趋势进行了展望,指出线控转向系统将朝着真实舒适、精准快速、安全可靠和集成控制的方向发展。The vehicle steering system successively goes through mechanical steering,hydraulic power steering and electric power steering.However,the electric power steering(EPS)system and the electronically controlled hydraulic power steering(EHPS)system cannot meet the steering technology demands of smart cars.As one of the important systems of the intelligent chassis-by-wire,the steer-by-wire system is an indispensable intelligent steering system in the smart car architecture.In order to analyze the key technologies and development trends of steer-by-wire.Firstly,the development of steer-by-wire was introduced.Then,the key software and hardware technologies of steer-by-wire system are comprehensively summarized,including the comparative analysis of 4 road feeling control,the application of strategies use intelligent algorithms in closed-loop steer control and dual-motor cooperative control strategies,vehicle stability control based on active front-wheel steering in steer-by-wire,functional safety-oriented software redundancy schemes and hardware redundancy schemes.Finally,the future research trend of the steer-by-wire system was prospected.It can be pointed that the steer-by-wire system develops in the direction of real comfort,precision and speed,safe and reliable application and integrated control.

关 键 词：线控转向 路感 转角控制 车辆稳定性控制 功能安全 

分 类 号：U463.4[机械工程—车辆工程]