革新实验室的原理、案例、模型与教育应用展望——拓展性学习方法论的创新  

Principles,Cases,Models,and Educational Application Prospects of Change Laboratory:Methodological Innovation of Expansive Learning

作　　者：马颂歌[1] 李静静 徐雄伟[1] Ma Songge;Li Jingjing;Xu Xiongwei(School of Education,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学教育学院,上海200234

出　　处：《远程教育杂志》2022年第1期37-49,共13页Journal of Distance Education

基　　金：2018年度国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划教育学青年课题“乡村振兴战略下农村成人教育网格组团学习模式研究”(CLA180280)的研究成果。

摘　　要：革新实验室是帮助群体或组织应对危机、发展实践的形成性干预方法,也是一套基于拓展性学习理论的群体实践创新方法论。作为革新实验室的核心特征,形成性干预主张实践者的自我革新和研究者的引导作用,以促成实验群体对新实践的创造。从抽象上升到具体和双重刺激法是革新实验室的两大基本原理,对应生殖细胞、镜像材料、多样化工具等重要实验手段,发挥言语锚定、反思激发、能动性培养、工具创造等关键作用。革新实验室的全球应用覆盖六大洲的19个国家和地区,主要在教育培训、医疗保健、农业生态、社会管理等四大领域发挥作用。基于维尔库宁四分类模型所提出的蛛网坐标分类模型,革新实验室按照专用与非专用、跨界与非跨界,划分为内部常规革新实验室、内部专用革新实验室、跨界常规革新实验室和跨界专用革新实验室。“相关环”可用于标识具体革新问题。蛛网坐标转化模型则阐释了革新实验室实施过程中可能的类型和问题转化方向。未来,革新实验室可在家校社协同育人、教师培训、农民学习等领域尝试本土化应用。Change Laboratory is a formative intervention method to help one or more communities or organizations to cope with crisis and develop work practices,and it is also a methodology based on the theory of expansive learning. As the core characteristic of the Change Laboratory,the self-change of practitioners and the guiding role of the researchers can promote the creation of new practices by the practitioners. Ascending from abstract to concrete and double stimulation is the two principles of Change Laboratory.Generating germ cell,mirror,and various instruments,which play a key role in speech anchoring,stimulating,reflecting,agency raising,instruments creating and so on. The global applications of Change Laboratory cover 19 countries and regions on six continents and play a role in four main areas:education,healthcare,agriculture,and social welfare. Based on Virkkunen’s Change Laboratory categorization,the Cobweb Coordinate Classification Model divides the Change Laboratory into internal general Change Laboratory,internal specialized Change Laboratory,cross-border general Change Laboratory and cross-border specialized Change Laboratory according to the specialized and non-specialized,cross-border and non-transboundary,and sets up the “relevance ring”to identify specific challenges of change,while the Cobweb Coordinate Conversion Model explains the possible types and problem transformation directions in the implementation of Change Laboratory. In the future,the Change Laboratory can be localized in the fields of familyschool-community cooperative education,teacher training and rural adult education.

关 键 词：革新实验室 形成性干预 拓展性学习 文化历史活动理论芬兰学派 工作场所学习 

分 类 号：G420[文化科学—课程与教学论]