描述、诉求和评判——以认知需要与非认知需要为视角  

Description,Appeal and Evaluation:From the Perspective of Cognitive Needs and Non-cognitive Needs

作　　者：刘清平 LIU Qingping(Institute of Advanced Study in Social Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;School of Humanities,Wuhan College of Communication,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学社会科学高等研究院,上海200433 [2]武汉传媒学院人文学院,湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《江苏海洋大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2022年第1期34-42,共9页Journal of Jiangsu Ocean University（Humanities & Social Sciences Edition）

摘　　要：只有凭借认知需要与非认知需要的分类,我们才能澄清描述、诉求和评判三种语句之间的微妙异同:描述是主体纯粹基于认知需要针对事实及其价值的本来面目做出的认知性指认,诉求是主体基于各种需要针对事实的价值意义表达的意志性欲求,评判是主体基于认知需要以及非认知需要针对事实的价值意义做出的认知性指认。进一步看,在悬置了非认知需要的前提下,包含非认知价值负载的应然性诉求和评判也能转型成非认知价值中立的实然性描述,并构成具有真假认知价值的科学研究对象。Only by the classification of cognitive needs and non-cognitive needs could we clarify the subtle differences among description,appeal and evaluation.Description is the cognitive identificationmade by the subject purely based on cognitive needs for the truth of facts and their values;appeal is the volitional desire expressed by the subject based on various needs for the significance of facts and their values,and evaluation is the cognitive identification made by the subject based on various needs for the significance of facts and their values.On the premise of suspending all the non-cognitive needs,further,appeal and evaluation with non-cognitive value loads on the dimension of as it ought to be can also be transformed into the non-cognitive value neutral description on the dimension of as it is,forming the scientific research objects with true or false cognitive value.

关 键 词：描述 诉求 评判 认知需要 非认知需要 实然 应然 

分 类 号：B82-02[哲学宗教—伦理学]