建立耳聋防控的区域服务模型以推进健康中国战略  

Development of a service model for the implementation of national strategies to prevent hearing loss

作　　者：黄演林[1] 汪安石[1] 王逾男 丁红珂[1] 陈洽鑫[2] 余丽华[1] 曾玉坤[1] 刘玲[1] 刘畅[1] Huang Yanlin;Wang Anshi;Wang Yunan;Ding Hongke;Chen Qiaxin;Yu lihua;Zeng Yukun;Liu Ling;Liu Chang(Guangdong Women and Children Hospital,Guangzhou 510010,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省妇幼保健院医学遗传中心,广东广州511400 [2]广东省妇幼保健院五官科,广东广州511400

出　　处：《中国产前诊断杂志（电子版）》2021年第4期28-32,共5页Chinese Journal of Prenatal Diagnosis(Electronic Version)

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(A2020302)。

摘　　要：目的拟建立适合区域特性的耳聋防控服务模型,在耳聋防控的重要时间节点设置系列临床方案进行预防与干预。方法42637个家庭被纳入耳聋防控管理。根据国际耳聋防控策略与我国我省的实际情况,在耳聋防控的5个重要时间节点设置一系列临床方案,以期建立一种高效可行的区域服务模型。结果402个聋病高风险家庭及42235个一般风险家庭接受了规范的孕前/孕期检查及聋病易感基因检测,并接受相应的遗传咨询与生育指导。改善围产期保健服务,防控可能导致新生儿听力损失的诸多诱因。规范实施新生儿听力筛查,对于高遗传风险者建议进行听力与聋病易感基因联合筛查。设计家庭保健方案及学龄儿童保健方案以促进耳健康与听力保健,实施与听力损失相关疾病的免疫接种计划。通过多途径做好医学科普、推动聋病防控的健康教育。加强职业与安全教育,防范职业伤害所致的听力损失。结论本研究在国家防聋治聋的健康战略指导下,根据广东省聋病发生与分布情况,结合我院在卫生保健工作中取得的实践经验,总结出一套耳聋综合防控的区域服务模型,取得了较好的防控效果。Objective To develop a service model containing a series of clinical programs along with an optimum timeline for the prevention and control of hearing loss to take place.Methods The study enrolled 42637 families to develop a service model for the prevention and control of hearing loss.An optimum timeline was set up for the programs to take place along with management strategies to be applied.Results In(pre-)pregnancy,402 high-risk families as well as 42235 general-risk families received physical examination and genetic tests,then genetic counseling and reproductive choices were provided.Efforts have been put to improve maternal health services and to minimize hearing loss related to inadequate antenatal and perinatal care.Universal newborn hearing screening was carried out in all infants,and to those with increased genetic risks,adequate audiological assessment and genetic diagnosis were provided.Family health care program and student health care program were developed to promote ear care,manage infections,implement immunizations and increase the awareness about harmful factors.Immunization programs were implemented to prevent infectious disease caused hearing loss.Appropriate occupational and safety practices were recommended.Conclusions Adapting national strategies for local projects could be an important step in implementing hearing loss prevention measurements,and developing community-based service models could be of importance in carrying out these projects.

关 键 词：耳聋 防控 服务模型 临床方案 

分 类 号：R-1[医药卫生] R764.43