基于核心能力的新护士培训手册的制定及应用  

Core competence-oriented training and the effects on standardised training for junior nurses

作　　者：陈玉英[1] 陈利芬[1] 柯彩霞[1] 成守珍[1] 张小燕[1] Chen Yuying;Chen Lifen;Ke Caixia;Cheng Shouzhen;Zhang Xiaoyan(Department of Nursing Administration,the First Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第一医院护理部,广东广州510080

出　　处：《现代临床护理》2021年第10期64-70,共7页Modern Clinical Nursing

基　　金：广东省护理学会护理科研立项,项目编号为gdhuxueh2019zx 009。

摘　　要：目的了解基于核心能力的新护士培训手册在提高新护士核心能力和理论及操作技能水平的效果。方法选择本院2015年9月至2017年9月完成2年培训的新护士646名作为对照组,新护士入职后,由护理部统一进行岗前培训后,安排到大科后在其所管辖的病区内进行轮转,实行导师负责制,进行"一对一"带教;选择2018年9月至2020年9月完成2年规范化培训的新护士489名作为试验组,新护士入职后,采用新护士规范化培训实施手册作为教学工具进行管理,实施"一周一过关""一师一技能""一考一综合"针对性培训与考核策略,两组培训时间均为2年。结果培训后,试验组新护士核心能力总分(92.0±4.4)分高于培训前(82.6±7.7)分,培训前后比较,差异有统计学意义(t=9.231,P<0.001);试验组理论及操作考核成绩分别为(90.4±4.8)分及(92.5±4.3)分均高于对照组的(86.1±6.7)分及(88.6±5.2)分,两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为5.679,5.125,均P<0.001)。结论基于核心能力的新护士培训手册作为新护士规范化培训教学工具应用,促进了新护士培训的规范化、系统化,从而提高其核心能力和理论及操作技能水平。Objective To study the effect of the core competency-oriented training manual on the core competence and theoretical and operational skills in junior nurses. Methods A total of 646 junior nurses who had completed the two years of postgraduate standardised nursing training were enrolled as the control group in our hospital from September 2015 to September 2017. After the enrolment,the Department of Nursing Administration conducted pre-duty training and scheduled the junior nurses to take turns in the wards of hospital departments,where the instructor responsibility system was implemented and one-to-one training was offered.From September 2018 to September 2020,another batch of 489 junior nurses who completed two years of postgraduate standardised nursing training were enrolled as the experimental group. To whom,the standardised training for the junior nurses was conducted in accordance with the Implementation Manual of Standardised Training for New Nurses(hereinafter referred to as the Manual),by employing the strategies of "weekly tests", "a skill per instructor" and "a conclusion per exam". Both groups received the training for 2 years. Results After the training,the total score of core competence of the junior nurses in experimental group was significantly higher than that before the training(92.04±4.48 vs. 82.67±7.72;t=9.231,P<0.001). The theoretical and operational test scores of the experimental group were(90.42±4.85)and(92.53±4.32),respectively,higher than those of the control group(86.12±6.78)and(88.65±5.2).The difference between the two groups had statistically significant(T value=5.679,5.125,respectively;P<0.001). Conclusions The manual based on the core competence as a teaching tool in the standardised training for junior nurses promotes the standardisation and systematisation of the training,and thus it improves the core competence,theoretical and operational skills of the junior nurses.

关 键 词：新护士 规范化培训 培训手册 核心能力 理论知识 操作技能 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]