不同方法提取的橄榄果渣纤维素的性质表征  

Characterization of Cellulose from Olive Pomace Extracted by Different Methods

作　　者：郭艳 王悦 张依 孟焕娜 李志西[1] 冯宪超[1] Guo Yan;Wang Yue;Zhang Yi;Meng Huanna;Li Zhixi;Feng Xianchao(College of Food Science and Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学食品科学与工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2022年第1期306-313,共8页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

摘　　要：以橄榄果渣为原料,采用碱液浸提法从橄榄果渣中提取纤维素(初始纤维素),用2 mol/L HCl和H_(2)SO_(4)溶液水解初始纤维素,得到橄榄渣微晶纤维素(MCC)。测定初始纤维素与微晶纤维素的持水力、持油力和膨胀力。通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(SEM)和激光共聚焦扫描显微镜(CLSM)对纤维素的性质进行表征。结果表明,经H_(2)SO_(4)和HCl水解得到的H_(2)SO_(4)-MCC和HCl-MCC的微观结构呈短棒状,表面平整排列。其持水力和膨胀力高于初始纤维素。H_(2)SO_(4)-MCC的结晶度和晶粒尺寸分别为75.77%和5.35 nm,HCl-MCC的结晶度和晶粒尺寸分别为64.92%和4.96 nm。与初始纤维素相比,微晶纤维素的乳化性能变好。FTIR图谱表明酸水解使纤维素中的木质素及半纤维素降解。DSC结果表明酸水解后微晶纤维素中水的蒸发温度升高,热降解温度降低。Olive pomace was used to prepare cellulose by alkaline solution extraction,then microcrystalline cellulose(MCC) was obtained by further hydrolysis of cellulose with 2 mol/L HCl and H_(2)SO_(4).Water-holding capacity (WHC),oil-holding capacity (OHC) and swelling capacity were measured and analyzed.Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC),Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR),X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscope (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) were used to evaluate the physicochemical properties of primary cellulose and MCC.The results showed that morphology changed from loose to ordered array with rod-shape after hydrolyzing with H_(2)SO_(4)and HCl.Besides,WHC and swelling capacity were increased.The crystallinity and crystal size of H_(2)SO_(4)-MCC are 75.77%and 5.35 nm,and that of HCl-MCC are 64.92%and 4.96 nm,respectively.Compared with the primary cellulose,emulsification characteristics of MCCs were also improved.FTIR spectra proved the lignin and hemicellulose degraded after acid hydrolysis.DSC results showed MCC had higher water evaporation temperature but lower thermal degradation temperature.

关 键 词：橄榄果渣 碱法 碱法-酸法 微晶纤维素 理化性质 

分 类 号：TS229[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]