清末纺织教育制度化研究  

A study on the institutionalization of textile education in late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：赵博翀 邓可卉[1] ZHAO Bochong;DENG Kehui(College of Humanities,Donghua University,Shanghai 200051,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学人文学院,上海200051

出　　处：《丝绸》2022年第2期158-167,共10页Journal of Silk

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学规划青年课题项目(2021EDS001);中央高校基本科研业务费纺织文化研究基地资助项目(21D111006)。

摘　　要：清末纺织教育制度是癸卯学制的重要组成部分,其形成过程受本土因素与外部因素双方面影响。文章以癸卯学制为背景,采取区域互证的方式,爬梳各类史料汇编及报刊图书等文献资料。研究认为清末纺织教育制度大致经历了三个阶段:从1894年李鸿章撰写《推广机器织布局折》至1897年蚕学馆建立是萌芽阶段,部分洋务人士意识到纺织教育的必要性,并出现了中国最早的纺织学校,是纺织教育制度形成前的重要尝试;从1898年张之洞撰写《劝学篇》至1904年《奏定学堂章程》公布是理论形成阶段,以湖北经验为基础,以日本模式为借鉴,融合中国工农业现状,形成了适合中国纺织业发展的现代教育制度;1905年学部成立至1912年学制更迭是实践阶段,受地方性因素的影响,各地纺织教育呈现不完全一致的面貌。通过描绘清末纺织教育制度化的历史图景,以期补充中国近代纺织史研究的另一面相。The textile education system in the late Qing Dynasty was an important part of the Gui-Mao schooling system,and its formation was affected by both local and external factors.Using the regional mutual verification method,the article carefully sorts out various historical data compilations,newspapers and books and other literature materials concerning Gui-Mao schooling systems,including the Complete Works of Li Hongzhang,the Complete Works of Zhang Zhidong,the Complete Works of Zuo Zongtang,the Dangerous Words of the Prosperous Age,the Historical Materials of Modern Chinese Educational System,the Collection of Materials of Modern Chinese Educational History,the Collection of Records of Chinese Investigation into Japan in the late Qing Dynasty,the Agricultural Journal,the Official Journal of the Ministry of Education,the Nanyang Official Journal,the Beiyang Official Journal,the Sichuan Official Journal of Education,the Zhejiang Official Journal of Education and Guangyi Repository,Jingshi Bao,Xiang Bao,and Shen Bao.According to the research,this article draws the conclusion that the textile education system in the late Qing Dynasty has roughly gone through three stages.The beginning stage started from Li Hongzhang’s Promotion of Machine Weaving Layout in 1894 and ended in the establishment of the Sericulture Institute in 1897.Some Westernizers represented by Li Hongzhang and Zuo Zongtang realized the necessity of textile education.In Promotion of Machine Weaving Layout,Li Hongzhang urged all factories,gentry and merchants to pay attention to the method of cotton planting,produce spinning raw cloth,explore profit sources and gradually catch up with the foreign products,which could be regarded as the symbol of the rise of textile education.Subsequently,Lin Qi,the governor of Hangzhou,realized that the way to improve the competitiveness of the industry lied not only in machinery,but also in the study of Western science and technology.He hoped to use education as an intermediary to quickly transform science and technol

关 键 词：纺织教育 癸卯学制 教育制度 《奏定学堂章程》 纺织史 教育史 

分 类 号：F407.81[经济管理—产业经济] G639.22[文化科学—教育学]