产超广谱β-内酰胺酶沙门氏菌的分布与基因型研究  

Distribution and genotype of extended-spectrum β-lactamaseproducing Salmonella

作　　者：张铭琰 耿英芝[1] 于淼[1] 李雪[1] 刘海霞 王伟杰[1] 魏彤竹[1] 孙婷婷[1] 张眉眉[1] ZHANG Ming-Yan;GENG Ying-Zhi;YU Miao;LI Xue;LIU Hai-Xia;WANG Wei-Jie;WEI Tong-Zhu;SUN Ting-Ting;ZHANG Mei-Mei(Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang 110005,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心,沈阳110005

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2022年第1期170-174,共5页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

摘　　要：目的了解不同来源的产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(extended-spectrumβ-lactamase,ESBLs)沙门氏菌的分布特征以及耐药特点。方法分离来自食品与食物中毒患者体内的沙门氏菌,用双纸片法筛选产ESBLs沙门氏菌;采用最低抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)检测14种临床常用抗生素的耐药率。结果食品中分离沙门氏菌89株,食物中毒患者体内分离沙门氏菌77株,其中产ESBLs菌株阳性率为13.3%(22/166)。34株从水产品中分离的沙门氏菌中ESBLs阳性率为5.9%(2/34),55株从肉制品中分离的沙门氏菌中ESBLs阳性率为21.8%(12/55),二者有显著差异(P<0.05,α=4.025);77株从临床样本分离的沙门氏菌中ESBLs阳性率为10.4%。沙门氏菌多重耐药情况严重,平均多重耐药率为42.8%(71/166),产ESBLs沙门氏菌更容易产生交叉耐药,多重耐药率100%,明显高于非产ESBLs多重耐药率34.0%(P<0.05,α=7.011)。22株ESBLs沙门氏菌中,包含TEM基因型5株,CTX-M基因型5株,TEM合并CTX-M双基因型5株,未检出SHV基因型。产ESBLs沙门氏菌对庆大霉素、复方磺胺、环丙沙星、萘啶酸等均表现出较强耐药性,对亚胺培南、头孢西丁敏感。结论产ESBLs沙门氏菌在东北分布较广,基因型以TEM和CTX-M为主,家畜家禽饲养环节抗生素滥用相对严重。ESBLs阳性菌更容易产生多重耐药,对于治疗产ESBLs沙门氏菌引起的感染可以选择亚胺培南、头孢西丁。Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and drug resistance characteristics of extended-spectrumβ-lactamase(ESBLs)-producing Salmonella from different sources.Methods The Salmonella from food and food poisoning patients were isolated,and the Salmonella producing ESBLs was screened by double disk method;the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)was used to detect the resistance rates of 14 kinds of clinically commonly used antibiotics.Results Eighty-nine Salmonella strains were isolated from food,and 77 Salmonella strains were isolated from patients with food poisoning,and the positive rate of ESBLs-producing strain was 13.3%(22/166).The positive rates of ESBLs among 34 Salmonella isolates from aquatic products and 55 Salmonella isolates from meat products were 5.9%(2/34)and 21.8%(12/55),respectively,showing significant differences(P<0.05,α=4.025);the positive rate of ESBLs in 77 Salmonella strains isolated from clinical samples was 10.4%.The multi-drug resistance of Salmonella was serious,with an average multi-drug resistance rate of 42.8%(71/166),Salmonella producing ESBLs was more prone to cross-drug resistance,with a multi-drug resistance rate of 100%,which was significantly higher than that of non-ESBLs producing 34.0%(P<0.05,α=7.011).Among the 22 strains of Salmonella ESBLs,5 strains were genotype-TEM,5 strains were genotype-CTX-M,and 5 strains were genotype-TEM combined with CTX-M double,and no SHV genotype was detected.Salmonella ESBLs showed strong drug resistance to gentamicin,compound sulfanilamide,ciprofloxacin,nalidixic acid,and was sensitive to imipenem and cefoxitin.Conclusion ESBLs-producing Salmonella is widely distributed in northeast China,with TEM and CTX-M as the main genotypes,and the abuse of antibiotics in livestock and poultry feeding is relatively serious.ESBLs-positive bacteria are more likely to produce multi-drug resistance,imipenem and cefoxitin can be used to treat infections caused by ESBLs-producing Salmonella.

关 键 词：超广谱Β-内酰胺酶 沙门氏菌 耐药 基因型 食品样本 临床样本 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]