黑果腺肋花楸中花青素的提取及其抗氧化活性研究  

Optimization of extraction process and antioxidant activity of anthocyanins from Aronia melanocarpa

作　　者：孙燕[1] 李成忠[1] 张焕新[1] 卞玲玲[1] 赵宝元 SUN Yan;LI Cheng-Zhong;ZHANG Huan-Xin;BIAN Ling-Ling;ZHAO Bao-Yuan(Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College,School of Landscape and Horticulture,Taizhou 225300,China;Taizhou Qinghe Agricultural Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Taizhou 225300,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏农牧科技职业学院,园林园艺学院,泰州225300 [2]泰州市青禾农科科技有限公司,泰州225300

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2022年第1期223-230,共8页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：江苏省林业科技示范与推广项目(LYKJ[2020]29);江苏省“青蓝工程”优秀教学团队(苏教师函[2020]10号);江苏省现代农业(花卉)产业技术体系泰州推广示范基地(JATS[2021]390);泰州市科技支撑计划项目(TN202005);江苏农牧科技职业学院核心技术创新项目(NSF2021ZR04);泰州市第五期“311”高层次人才培养工程项目(2017-1-4-2)。

摘　　要：目的探究黑果腺肋花楸浆果花青素提取工艺、花青素组成和抗氧化活性。方法通过单因素实验考察料液比、乙醇浓度、提取时间和提取温度4个因素对黑果腺肋花楸浆果花青素提取率的影响,并通过正交实验优化花青素提取条件,探究优化提取花青素工艺。采用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(high performance liquid chromatography-diode array method,HPLC-DAD)系统对经大孔树脂纯化后的花青素进行鉴定,并以维生素C为对照,测定了1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)、羟基自由基、超氧阴离子自由基清除率和总还原力等指标,评价了其抗氧化活性。结果黑果腺肋花楸浆果花青素提取最佳工艺为:料液比、乙醇浓度、提取时间和提取温度分别为1:40(g/mL)、65%、30 min和50℃,花青素的平均提取率为7.430 mg/g,相对标准偏差为1.62%。鉴定出矢车菊-己糖苷二聚体(17.02%)、矢车菊素-3-半乳糖苷(39.41%)、矢车菊-3-葡萄糖苷(9.35%)、矢车菊素-3-阿拉伯糖苷(11.21%)、矢车菊-3-木糖苷(15.63%)、矢车菊素-3-芸香糖苷(4.27%)和矢车菊素-3-槐糖苷(3.11%)共7种花色苷。纯化后花青素的DPPH、羟基自由基清除能力和总还原力显著高于维生素C(P<0.05),超氧阴离子自由基清除能力略大于维生素C。结论最佳提取条件下,花青素的平均提取率可达7.430 mg/g,经大孔树脂纯化后,共鉴定出7种花色苷,其中矢车菊素-3-芸香糖苷和矢车菊素-3-槐糖苷为新检出的2种花色苷。所提取花青素具有较强的抗氧化能力,可作为一种天然抗氧化剂获取来源。Objective To explore the extraction technology,anthocyanin composition and antioxidant activity of Aronia melanocarpa.Methods The single factor experiment was used to investigate the effects of solid-liquid ratio,ethanol concentration,extraction time and extraction temperature on the extraction rate of anthocyanin from Aronia melanocarpa,and the extraction conditions of anthocyanin were optimized by orthogonal test,and the optimal extraction process of anthocyanin was explored.The anthocyanins purified by macroporous resin were identified by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array method(HPLC-DAD)system,and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),hydroxyl radical,superoxide anion radical scavenging rate and total reducing power were used to evaluate its antioxidant activity.Results The optimal extraction conditions were as follows:Solid-liquid ratio,ethanol concentration,extraction time and temperature 1:40(g/mL),65%,30 min and 50℃,respectively,and the average extraction rate of anthocyanin was 7.430 mg/g,and the relative standard deviation was 1.62%.Seven kinds of anthocyanins were identified,including yanidin hexoside dimer(17.02%),cyanidin-3-galactoside(39.41%),cyanidin-3-glucoside(9.35%),cyanidin-3-arabinoside(11.21%),cyanidin-3-xyloside(15.63%),cyanidin-3-rutoside(4.27%)and cyanidin-3-sophoroside(3.11%).The DPPH,hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity and total reducing power of purified anthocyanin were significantly higher than those of vitamin C(P<0.05),and the scavenging capacity of superoxide anion radical is slightly higher than that of vitamin C.Conclusion Under the optimum extraction conditions,the average extraction rate of anthocyanins can reach 7.430 mg/g.After purification by macroporous resin,7 kinds of anthocyanins are identified,among which cyanidin-3-rutinoside and cyanidin-3-sophoricoside are two newly detected anthocyanins.The extracted anthocyanin has strong antioxidant capacity and can be used as a natural antioxidant source.

关 键 词：黑果腺肋花楸 花青素 提取 抗氧化活性 

分 类 号：TQ460.1[化学工程—制药化工] TS218[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]