人工智能教学如何培养高中生的计算思维?——基于人工智能案例驱动的Python编程教学的实证研究  

How does Artificial Intelligence Education Cultivate Senior High School Students’Computational Thinking?An Empirical Study on Case Driven Python Programming Teaching Based on Artificial Intelligence

作　　者：岳彦龙 张学军[1] 梁屿藩 YUE Yan-long;ZHANG Xue-jun;LIANG Yu-fan(School of Education Technology,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou,Gansu,730070,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学教育技术学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《基础教育》2022年第1期74-84,共11页Journal of Schooling Studies

基　　金：西北师范大学2020年度研究生科研资助项目《机器人课程中PBL教学培养初中生计算思维的实证研究》(项目编号:2020KYZZ001097)。

摘　　要：目前利用编程教学培养计算思维已经取得共识,人工智能案例驱动的编程教学解决了单纯的编程教学枯燥乏味、难以激发学生兴趣的难题。依据人工智能案例驱动的编程教学理念,在分析计算思维、Python、人工智能案例三者关系的基础上,提出了人工智能案例驱动的Python编程教学培养高中生计算思维的教学模型。以"有声小说"为人工智能案例驱动的Python编程教学案例,进行了具体的教学设计。研究采用准实验研究法,通过三个月的跟踪观察,辅以作品分析、学习成绩分析和访谈来考察人工智能案例驱动的Python编程教学对学生计算思维的影响。研究表明,人工智能案例驱动的Python编程教学对高中生计算思维的培养具有显著的促进作用。基于研究结果,提出了以下六条实施建议:要厘清教学内容、教学方式及教学目标之间的关系;关注所教知识背后的思维、方法与观念;引导学生对核心概念的理解与迁移;精讲知识并注重能力的培养;关注个体差异并循序渐进;重视情境对于学习的重要性。At present,using programming teaching to cultivate computational thinking has reached a consensus.AI case driven programming teaching solves the problem that programming teaching is boring and difficult to stimulate students’interest.Based on the AI case driven programming teaching concept,based on the analysis of the relationship among computational thinking,Python and AI cases,this paper puts forward a teaching model of AI case driven Python programming teaching to cultivate high school students’computational thinking.Taking"audio novel"as AI case driven python programming teaching case,the specific teaching design is carried out.The research adopts quasi-experimental research method.Through three months of follow-up observation,supplemented by game analysis,academic performance analysis and interview,this study investigates the influence of AI case driven Python programming teaching on students’computational thinking.The research shows that AI case driven python programming teaching has a significant role in promoting the cultivation of high school students’computational thinking.Based on the research results,the following six suggestions are put forward:to clarify the relationship between teaching content,teaching methods and teaching objectives,pay attention to the thinking,methods and concepts behind the knowledge,guide students to understand and transfer the core concepts,focus on knowledge and ability training,pay attention to individual differences and step by step,and pay attention to the importance of situation for learning.

关 键 词：人工智能案例 PYTHON 高中生 计算思维 实证研究 

分 类 号：G632[文化科学—教育学]