我国中考体育改革的历史变迁、演进特征与未来路向  

Historical Changes,Evolutionary Characteristics and Future Directions of Physical Education Reform for China’s Senior High School Entrance Examination

作　　者：白银龙[1] 聂锐新[1] 李学东[1] BAI Yinlong;NIE Ruixin;LI Xuedong(Yuxi Normal University,Yuxi 653100,China)

机构地区：[1]玉溪师范学院体育学院,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《中国考试》2022年第3期15-23,共9页journal of China Examinations

摘　　要：改革开放以来,我国中考体育改革始终紧跟国家教育改革步伐,主动顺应时代发展潮流,为中学人才培养发挥了积极作用。40多年来,中考体育改革大致经历了局部试点、全国试点、全面实施和深化改革4个阶段,演进特征主要体现为:始终将体质健康作为考试价值取向,考试评价方式从终结性评价到过程性和终结性评价相结合,考试内容从注重体能到体能与技能并重,考试地位从边缘副科到核心主科。面向未来,我国中考体育改革应该以体教融合为理念,减轻中考体育承载的体质健康负荷;以学生为中心,提高考试内容的趣味性、科学性、长效性;以公平为原则,兼顾过程公平与结果公平;以协同为导向,处理好改革先行与配套跟进的关系。Since the reform and opening-up,China’s physical education reform for senior high school entrance examination has always followed the pace of national education reform,actively conformed to the development trend of the times,and played an active role in talent training.Over the past 40 years,the physical education reform for senior high school entrance examination has roughly gone through four stages:local trials,national trials,comprehensive implementation,and deepening reforms.The evolutionary characteristics are mainly reflected in the value orientation of examinations that always regard physical health as an important starting point,the evaluation methods of examinations that have changed from summative evaluation to a combination of formative and summative evaluation,the content of the examination that has changed from focusing on physical fitness to equal emphasis on physical fitness and skills,and the status of examinations that has changed from a marginal sub-subject to one of the main core subjects.Facing the future,the physical education reform for senior high school entrance examination should:a)value the integration of sports and education and reduce the excessive physical and health load of physical education for senior high school entrance examination;b)promote student-centered learning by making the test content more interesting,scientific and with long-term effectiveness;c)take fairness as the principle,take into account the fairness of the process and results;d)take coordination as the guidance,and handle the relationship between reform in advance and supporting measures.

关 键 词：教育评价改革 体育评价 中考体育 终结性评价 过程性评价 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]