教师教育大学化:反思与重构  

Universalization of Teacher Education:Reflection and Reconstruction

作　　者：朱晓宏[1] 王蒙 Zhu Xiaohong;Wang Meng(College of Education,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学教育学院,北京100037

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（教育科学版）》2022年第3期75-88,共14页Journal of East China Normal University:Educational Sciences

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“新时代加强教师队伍师德师风建设研究”(18JZD055)。

摘　　要：教师教育大学化已成为教师教育改革的世界趋势,大学教育之共识是科学研究与人才培养相统一,但是,以往“学术性与艺术性”的分歧、当前“专业化与解制化”的争议,始终牵伴着各国大学的教师教育改革之路,也困扰着教师培养模式的选择,甚至陷入教育伦理困境:一些大学倾向以实习课程来增加职前教师的教学经验,却无法避免其教学行为失误给予中小学生的消极影响。秉承历史与逻辑相统一的研究原则,系统梳理大学介入教师教育的历史,重点考察教育研究与职前教师培养的关系演变,尤其聚焦教师教育大学化进程中的主要矛盾,即教育理论课程与实习课程的割裂问题。作为以培养教师为主责的师范大学,借鉴现象学哲学家胡塞尔开启的“意识-经验”关系新视域,重构大学视域教师教育改革的方法论,关注教育理论与教学经验之间的内在联系,探寻“理论-实验-实习”一体化的教师教育课程改革新路径。Universitization of teacher education has become a world trend.The consensus of university education among countries in the world is to foster the unity of scientific research and talent cultivation.However,the conflicts between academic and artistic in the past and the current disputes over specialization,professionalization and deregulation have always existed in the reform of teacher education in universities in various countries and also perplexed the choice of teacher training mode,which is even stuck in the dilemma of educational ethics.Some universities tend to increase the novice teacher teaching experience with internship courses,but they cannot avoid the negative impact of their teaching behavior mistakes on primary and secondary school students.Adhering to the unity of history and logic research principle,this paper systematically summarizes the history of teacher education in university involvement,and investigates the evolution of the relationship between educational research and pre-service training,and focuses on the main contradictions in the process of universalization of teacher education,that is,the separation between educational theory courses and internship courses.As a normal university,with the main responsibility of cultivating teachers,it draws on the new perspective of“consciousness-experience”provided by the phenomenological philosopher Husserl to reconstruct the methodology of education reform from the perspective of universities,and focus on the inner relationship between educational theory and teaching experience,and explore the new path of the integration of theory,experiment and practice in teacher education curriculum reform.

关 键 词：教师教育大学化 学术性与艺术性 专业化与解制化 教学经验 教师教育课程 

分 类 号：G652[文化科学—教育学]