高聚原花青素降解技术研究进展  

Review on Degradation Technology of Polymeric Proanthocyanidin

作　　者：李淼 胡文泽 岳国鑫 郭东旭 石莹 荣海峰 郑徽 马凤鸣[1] LI Miao;HU Wenze;YUE Guoxin;GUO Dongxu;SHI Ying;RONG Haifeng;ZHENG Hui;MA Fengming(Food College,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学食品学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2022年第7期417-423,共7页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31772011)。

摘　　要：原花青素是一类广泛存在于自然界中的黄烷-3-醇类化合物,由于大多数从自然界获得的原花青素为带有苯环或长碳链的高聚原花青素,导致其生理活性较弱。通过降解,可以增强原花青素的生理活性以及应用范围。因此,高聚原花青素降解技术成为国内外研究的热点。本文详细整理了国内外有关原花青素高聚体降解技术的文献报道,对化学、生物以及物理降解技术做出详细综述。其中,化学降解技术主要通过酸、碱、亲核剂及氢化降解等,将原花青素高聚体中C;-C;之间的链接键断裂,获得低分子量片段;生物降解技术采用微生物及生物酶将原花青素聚合物苯环打开降为低聚物;物理降解技术利用超声波、脉冲强光、超高压、微射流和电子束辐照等物理技术,将高聚原花青素降解为低聚原花青素。文章归纳了原花青素高聚体各种降解技术的降解效果、降解工艺、降解机理以及优缺点,并对高聚原花青素降解技术提出展望。Proanthocyanidins are a kind of flavane-3-alcohols which exist widely in nature. Because most of the proanthocyanidins obtained from nature are high polymer proanthocyanidins with benzene ring or long carbon chain, their physiological activity is weak. Through degradation, the physiological activity and application range of proanthocyanidins can be enhanced. Therefore, the degradation technology of high polymer proanthocyanidins has became a research hotspot at home and abroad. In this paper, the literature reports on the degradation technology of proanthocyanidin polymers at home and abroad are sorted out in detail, and the chemical, biological and physical degradation technologies are reviewed in detail. Among them, the chemical degradation technology mainly breaks the link bond between C;-C;in proanthocyanidin polymer to obtain low molecular weight fragments through acid, alkali, nucleophile and hydrogenation degradation, and biodegradation technology uses microorganisms and biological enzymes to open the benzene ring of proanthocyanidin polymer to oligomer. Physical degradation technology reduces high polymer proanthocyanidins to oligomeric proanthocyanidins by using physical techniques such as ultrasonic, pulsed strong light, ultra-high pressure, microfluidic and electron beam irradiation. In this paper, the degradation effects, degradation processes, degradation mechanisms, advantages and disadvantages of various degradation technologies of proanthocyanidins are summarized, and the degradation technology of proanthocyanidins is prospected.

关 键 词：原花青素 高聚体 降解 化学技术 生物技术 物理技术 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]