“活页式、手册式教材”概念辨析与应用开发  

Concept Discrimination and Application Development of "Loose-leaf Type and Handbook Type Textbooks"

作　　者：徐国庆[1,2] XU Guoqing(East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学职业教育与成人教育研究所,上海200062 [2]华东师范大学国家教材建设重点研究基地(职业教育教材建设和管理政策)

出　　处：《当代职业教育》2022年第2期4-9,共6页Contemporary Vocational Education

摘　　要：“活页式、手册式”是职业教育教材模式的关注热点。准确把握其内涵,首先要明晰这是两个不同的概念,活页式是教材组织模式的概念,手册式是教材内容的概念。活页式教材是对可灵活组合教材的形象化称谓,实质就是模块化教材,可以实现内容上的灵活撤换;在设计上以职业能力为基本组织单位,在形态上以职业能力为基本教学单位,因此职业能力清单开发是活页式教材开发的基础。手册式教材也是一种形象化称谓,是指教材内容具有像企业操作指导手册那样的实践指导性;在开发上需要对企业操作手册进行加工提炼,形成具有普遍性、科学性、教育性的方法知识。活页式、手册式教材模式适用于以能力培养为目标且内容是可模块化的课程。其成功开发的关键是严格执行能力本位课程开发的核心技术路径,即引导企业专家深度参与教材开发过程。其中职业能力清单的确定,每条职业能力中技能操作方法及其质量标准的确定以及每条职业能力中常见问题及其解决策略的凝练是决定教材成功开发的关键点。"Loose-leaf type and handbook type" are the focus of vocational education textbook modes. To understand its connotation, we should first clarify that they are two different concepts: loose-leaf type is the concept of textbook organization mode, and handbook type is the concept of textbook content. The loose-leaf textbook is a visual title for flexibly combined textbooks. It is a modular textbook in essence, and can be flexibly replaced in content. It takes occupational ability as the basic organizational unit in design, and vocational competence as the basic teaching unit in form. Therefore, the development of the vocational competence list is the basis of loose-leaf textbook development. The handbook textbook is also a visual appellation, which means that the content of the textbooks has practical guidance like the enterprise operation instruction handbook. In its development, it is necessary to process and refine the enterprise operation handbook to form a universal, scientific and educational method knowledge. The loose-leaf type and handbook type textbooks are suitable for courses with modular content and ability training as the goal. The key to its successful development is to strictly implement the core technical path of competence-based curriculum development, that is, to guide enterprise experts to deeply participate in the textbook development process. The determination of the list of vocational competence, the determination of skill operation methods and quality standards in each vocational competence, and the conciseness of common problems in each vocational competence and their solutions are the key points that determine the successful development of textbooks.

关 键 词：活页式教材 手册式教材 职业教育 教材模式 能力本位 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]