我国职业学校区域布局结构的变化分析——基于2009-2019年教育统计数据  

Analysis on the Change of Regional Layout Structure of Vocational Schools in China——Based on Education Statistics from 2009 to 2019

作　　者：柳超 赵益枢 李兴洲[1] LIU Chao;ZHAO Yishu;LI Xingzhou

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部

出　　处：《职教通讯》2022年第3期58-68,共11页Communication of Vocational Education

基　　金：2021年度教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“阿德勒家庭教育理论及应用模式研究”(项目编号:21YJA880028)。

摘　　要：职业教育与经济社会联系紧密,为区域产业发展持续输送高素质技术技能人才。通过对教育统计数据的分析发现:2009—2019年,我国八大经济区域中等职业学校和在校生数量均大幅下降;高等职业学校和在校生数量均有显著提高,且区域布局结构趋向合理;2019年以来,职业本科院校数量稳步增加,但暂未实现省级全覆盖,区域发展较不均衡;“双高计划”学校集中分布在东部地区,并呈现由此向中部内陆、西部边远地区阶梯递减的分布特点。未来,职业教育应明确办学定位、强化类型特色,积极总结试点经验,提高职业教育的适应性与吸引力;继续加强针对职业教育发展落后区域的政策倾斜力度和教育资源投入,推动相关政策有效落地,促进职业院校区域布局结构进一步优化。Vocational education is closely related to economy and society,and continuously transports high-quality technical and skilled talents for regional industrial development.Through the analysis of education statistics,it is found that from 2009 to 2019,the number of secondary vocational schools and students in China's eight economic regions decreased significantly;The number of higher vocational schools and students has increased significantly,and the regional layout structure tends to be reasonable;Since 2019,the number of vocational undergraduate colleges has increased steadily,but the provincial full coverage has not been realized yet,and the regional development is relatively unbalanced;The"double high plan"schools are concentrated in the eastern region,and show the distribution characteristics of descending ladder to the central inland and western remote areas.In the future,vocational education should clarify the orientation of running schools,strengthen the characteristics of types,actively summarize the pilot experience,and improve the adaptability and attraction of vocational education;We will continue to strengthen policy preference and investment in educational resources for regions with backward vocational education development,promote the effective implementation of relevant policies,and further optimize the regional layout and structure of vocational colleges.

关 键 词：中等职业教育 高等职业教育 职业本科 “双高计划” 布局结构 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]