德国基础教育的数字教育战略举措与挑战  

Digital Education Strategy Measures and Challenges in German Basic Education

作　　者：刘云华 马健生[1] LIU Yunhua;MA Jiansheng(Institute of International and Comparative Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学国际与比较教育研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2022年第3期19-27,共9页International and Comparative Education

基　　金：北京市教育科学规划优先关注课题“中国教育经验的国际话语体系研究”(项目编号:BBEA2020008)。

摘　　要：2016年德国发布《数字世界中的教育》,提出了国家数字教育战略,开启了德国的"数字革命"。为此,德国政府采取了一系列措施,提供资金以完善校园数字基础设施建设;各州将数字能力融入教育标准和教学计划之中;从教师的培养和研究两个方面提升教师的数字能力;加强全国性数字教育平台和内容的开发;强化保护师生个人隐私数据。但德国在实施数字教育战略的过程中也面临着教育不公平、资金可持续性和资金申请困难、"数字越位"及新冠肺炎疫情下的新危机等挑战。德国数字教育战略实践展示了教育对德国社会发展的重要意义,强调了对人文和科技之间关系的反思,同时也反映出了德国推行全国性教育改革的制度性困境。Germany promulgated the national digital education strategy "Education in the Digital World" in December 2016,which put forward a national digital education strategy and started the "digital revolution" in Germany.In order to achieve this goals,the German government has adopted a series of measures,such as providing funds to improve school’s digital infrastructure construction by the government;integrating digital capabilities into federal state’s curriculum standards and teaching plans;enhancing teachers’ digital capabilities from both teacher training and research;developing national digital education platform and content;emphasizing the protection of the personal data of teachers and students.However,in the process of implementing its digital education strategy,Germany is also facing challenges such as educational unfairness,funding sustainability and funding application difficulties,digital offside problem and the increasing obstacles during the COVID-19.The practice of German digital education strategy shows the importance of education for social development,emphasizes the reflection on the relationship between education and digital technology,as well as reflects the structural system dilemma of Germany’s national education reform.

关 键 词：德国教育 基础教育 数字教育战略 

分 类 号：G639.516[文化科学—教育学]