地方院校建筑类专业大类招生的分流困境与应对  

The diversion dilemma and countermeasures of general enrollment in architectural specialty of local institutions

作　　者：胡聚山 孙昌盛[1] 张春英[1] HU Jushan;SUN Changsheng;ZHANG Chunying(School of Civil Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,Guangxi,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学土木与建筑工程学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《高等建筑教育》2022年第2期16-22,共7页Journal of Architectural Education in Institutions of Higher Learning

基　　金：广西高等教育本科教学改革工程立项项目“空间规划体系下的城乡规划专业教学体系重构与实践”(2020JGB203)。

摘　　要：随着“大类招生、分流培养”模式在地方院校的推进,建筑类专业分流中的专业分化问题渐趋凸显。通过分析学生专业选择的思维建构过程,发现专业选择存在“六大因素、三大层级”的影响。在通常的分流模式下,即使在专业间学科实力、发展前景等信息相近的情况下,专业选择仍会产生建筑学倾向的“两次一致性偏离”,其中,“认知意象”使专业选择产生第一次偏离,“多看效应”强化了第一次偏离,“从众心理”导致了第二次偏离。基于此,制定针对性的策略以优化专业分流机制是统筹专业建设的重要保障。With the advance of“general enrollment and diversion training”pattern in local institutions,the problems of specialty differentiation in the division of architectural specialty are increasingly outstanding.This paper finds that major selection is influenced by six factors and three levels by analyzing students’process of thinking constructing.In the usual diversion pattern,the major selection presents two consistency deviations of architectural tendency even though the prospect and subject strength are similar between two majors.Cognitive image causes the first deviation in major selection,and mere exposure effect reinforces the first deviation while group psychology leads to the second deviation.Therefore,it is an important guarantee for the overall planning of specialty construction to formulate targeted coping strategies and optimize specialty diversion mechanism.

关 键 词：大类招生 地方院校 专业分化 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]