抗蛇行减振器力学模型及车辆动力学仿真  

Mechanical Model of Yaw Damper and Vehicle Dynamics Simulation

作　　者：池长欣 梁树林[2] 池茂儒[2] 高红星[2] 周业明 CHI Changxin;LIANG Shulin;CHI Maoru;GAO Hongxing;ZHOU Yeming(Railway Science and Technology Research and Development Center,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited Beijing,100081,China;State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu,610031,China;CRRC Qingdao Sifang Locomotive&Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.Qingdao,266111,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道科学技术研究发展中心,北京100081 [2]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031 [3]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,青岛266111

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2022年第3期518-523,618,共7页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院技术创新基金资助项目(2021YJ036);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFB1201701)。

摘　　要：为了提高车辆动力学计算机仿真精度,研究抗蛇行减振器力学模型及其对车辆动力学性能的影响,基于可压缩流体的压力-流量特性建立了我国某高速动车组抗蛇行减振器非线性力学模型,并对其进行了试验和动力学仿真分析。结果表明:相比传统分段线性模型,抗蛇行减振器非线性力学模型能够同时体现黏性阻尼力和油液被压缩而产生的回复力,仿真计算结果与试验结果吻合良好;基于抗蛇行减振器非线性力学模型计算的临界速度会随踏面等效锥度的增加而先增大后减小,计算的横向平稳性指标较高,且随速度增加而增加的趋势更显著。研究表明,抗蛇行减振器非线性力学模型能够有效提高动力学仿真精度,对车辆的蛇行运动稳定性和横向平稳性有较大影响,但对垂向平稳性和曲线通过安全性的影响较小。In order to improve the computer simulation accuracy of vehicle dynamics and study the mechanical model of yaw damper and its effect on vehicle dynamics,a non-linear mechanical model of yaw damper of a highspeed electric multiple units(EMU)in China is established and analyzed based on the pressure-flow characteristics of compressible fluid. The results show that:compared with the traditional piecewise linear model,the nonlinear mechanical model of the yaw damper can simultaneously reflect the viscous damping force and the restoring force generated by the compression of the oil. Simulation calculation results are in a good agreement with the test results. Critical speed calculated by the nonlinear mechanical model of the yaw damper will increase first and then decrease as the equivalent taper of the tread increases. This will lead to a higher calculated lateral stability index and the trend of increasing with the speed increases is more significant. It shows that the nonlinear mechanical model of the yaw damper can effectively improve the accuracy of dynamic simulation,which has a greater impact on the stability of the snake’s movement and lateral stability of the vehicle,but has less impact on the vertical stability and the safety of curve passing.

关 键 词：抗蛇行减振器 力学模型 车辆动力学性能 非线性 高速动车组 

分 类 号：TH703.63[机械工程—仪器科学与技术] U271.91[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]