采前调节剂处理对采后果实保鲜效应的研究进展  

Advances in the effects of preharvest treatments on fresh-keeping of postharvest fruits

作　　者：孙闽子 张珅 吴光斌[1] 陈发河[1] 倪辉[1,3] 陈兴麟 许旻 林河通 SUN Minzi;ZHANG Shen;WU Guangbin;CHEN Fahe;NI Hui;CHEN Xinglin;XU Min;LIN Hetong(College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China;Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province,Xiamen 361000,Fujian,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering,Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China;Key Laboratory of Postharvest Biology of Subtropical Special Agricultural Products,Fujian Province University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;College of Food Science,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学海洋食品与生物工程学院,福建厦门361021 [2]福建省海洋生物增养殖与高值化利用重点实验室,福建厦门361000 [3]福建省食品微生物与酶工程重点实验室,福建厦门361021 [4]亚热带特色农产品采后生物学福建省高校重点实验室,福州350002 [5]福建农林大学食品科学学院,福州350002

出　　处：《果树学报》2022年第6期1111-1120,共10页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2020J01675);福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目(JAT190338);福建省海洋生物增养殖与高值化利用重点实验室开放基金(2020fjscq02);福建省食品微生物与酶工程重点实验室开放基金(Z820260)。

摘　　要：采前因素是果实采后品质和贮藏保鲜的重要影响因素,近年来愈发受到重视。国内外科研工作者围绕果实采前处理技术开展了大量研究工作。笔者对相关研究进展进行综述,概述了果实采前处理技术特点和处理剂种类,探讨了采前处理对果实采后品质、贮藏生理和耐贮性、病害控制等方面的影响及作用机制,同时对果实采前处理技术的发展方向进行展望,以期为果实采前保鲜处理技术的研究、应用和发展提供参考。The life activities of the postharvest fruits determine the commercial quality of the fruits,and the preharvest treatments are important for the life activities,quality and shelf-life of the postharvest fruits.Researchers have paid more attentions on the importance of preharvest application of plant regulators for enhancing the quality and storability of postharvest fruits for several decades.Thus,lots of work focusing on the postharvest effectiveness of preharvest treatments have been carried out constantly.This paper reviews the domestic and abroad efforts on developing preharvest treating strategy and investigating their effects on fresh-keeping and physiological activities.Generally,the preharvest treatment refers to the handlings of spraying regulator solutions three to five times on the leaves or fruits at full-bloom stage,young fruit stage,rapid growth stage and/or fruit ripening stage.The treating agents are usually naturally acquired chemicals eco-friendly and easy to absorb.The plant growth regulator is the largest category of the treating agents,which mainly includes gibberellin,diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate,salicylic acid,jasmonic acid and their precursors.Moreover,chitosan and calcium salts are widely and frequently used agents.Other chemical regulators like 1-methylcyclopropene and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate are also employed in the studies.Preharvest spraying with these agents is capable of enhancing and maintaining fruit quality at harvest and during postharvest storage:the accumulation of pigments like anthocyanin could be elevated before harvest,and the postharvest de-greening or coloring might be postponed via regulating ripeness and senescence;the fruit firmness is closely associated with cell wall polysaccharides like pectin,cellulose,and hemi-cellulose,which could be retained after preharvest handlings via suppressing the degrading enzymes like polygalacturonic acid,pectin methylesterase,cellulase and corresponding genes;the flavor characteristic largely depends on the carbohydrates,organi

关 键 词：果实 采前处理 贮藏品质 采后生理 耐贮性 诱导抗性 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]