不同运输和选果方式对蓝莓采后品质的影响  

Effects of different transportation and fruit selection methods on postharvest quality of Vaccinium corymbosum

作　　者：贾晓昱 董立超 李金金[4] 曹森 张鹏[1,2] 薛友林 李江阔[1,2] JIA Xiao-Yu;DONG Li-Chao;LI Jin-Jin;CAO Sen;ZHANG Peng;XUE You-Lin;LI Jiang-Kuo(Institute of Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing Science and Technology,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300374,China;National Engineering Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products,Key Laboratory of Storage of Agricultural Products,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage of Agricultural Products,Tianjin 300384,China;College of Light Industry,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110036,China;School of Higher Vocation Technology,Anshan Normal University,Anshan 114016,China;College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Guiyang University,Guiyang 550005,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市农业科学院农产品保鲜与加工技术研究所,天津300074 [2]国家农产品保鲜工程技术研究中心(天津),农业农村部农产品贮藏保鲜重点实验室,天津市农产品采后生理与贮藏保鲜重点实验室,天津300384 [3]辽宁大学轻型产业学院,沈阳110036 [4]鞍山师范学院高等职业技术学院,鞍山114016 [5]贵阳学院食品与制药工程学院,贵阳550005

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2022年第9期2778-2786,共9页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目(21ZYCGSN00060);天津市农业科学院青年科研人员创新研究与实验项目(2021016)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨蓝莓的采后贮藏品质与运输和选果方式的关系。方法 以“莱克西”蓝莓为材料,采用不同运输方式联合选果方法,通过测定-0.5℃贮藏和4℃货架贮藏条件下软果率、果霜覆盖指数、花色苷含量、维生素C(vitamin C,VC)含量、可溶性固形物(total soluble solids,TSS)含量、呼吸强度、可滴定酸(titratable acidity, TA)含量、硬度、色差值(ΔE)等指标,采用主成分分析评价其在不同贮藏温度下的品质变化。结果 公路运输-人工挑选可延缓果实硬度、花色苷、VC含量、TA含量下降,抑制果实呼吸速率,保持较好的品质。对贮藏期和货架期的理化指标进行主成分打分, 4个处理组的得分高低排序为:公路运输-人工挑选>航空运输-人工挑选>公路运输-过筛挑选>航空运输-过筛挑选。结论 蓝莓采后适宜的运输和选果方式为公路运输-人工挑选,本研究为蓝莓采后保鲜减损技术提供了理论指导。Objective To explore the relationship between postharvest storage quality and transportation and fruit selection methods of Vaccinium corymbosum. Methods “Lexi” Vaccinium corymbosum was used as material, the different fruit selection methods and different transportation modes were adopted, the postharvest storage quality at different temperature were evaluated using principal component analysis by measuring the soft fruit rate, fruit frost coverage index, anthocyanin content, vitamin C(VC) content, total soluble solids(TSS) content, respiratory intensity,titratable acid(TA) content, hardness and value of chromatism(ΔE). Results Road transportation-artificial selection could significantly delay the decrease of fruit hardness, anthocyanin content, VC and TA content, inhibit fruit respiration rate and maintain good quality. The physical and chemical indexes of storage and shelf life were scored by principal component, the comprehensive scores of different treatments were as follows: Road transportation-artificial selection>air transportation-artificial selection>road transportation-sieving selection>aviation transportation-sieving selection. Conclusion The appropriate transportation and fruit selection methods for postharvest Vaccinium corymbosum are road transportation-artificial selection, this study provides theoretical guidances for postharvest preservation and loss reduction technology of Vaccinium corymbosum.

关 键 词：蓝莓 运输 人工挑选 过筛挑选 冷藏期 货架期 果实品质 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]