湿气阻隔涂层的研究进展  

Research Progress of Moisture Barrier Coating

作　　者：余姝君 田春蓉[1] YU Shujun;TIAN Chunrong(Institute of Chemical Materials,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第13期222-228,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：NSAF联合基金(U2030201)。

摘　　要：湿气阻隔涂层是指对水分渗透有一定阻隔性的涂层,可以便捷而有效地阻隔绝大部分湿气的进入,广泛用于对水汽敏感的物品和装置的包装中。无机纳米涂层由于其致密的结构而具有较好的湿气阻隔性能,但在制备和使用过程中不可避免地会产生缺陷使水分子能够自由通过,从而不具备长效阻隔的效果。聚合物涂层对气体小分子的阻隔性能较差,但具有较好的韧性且便于成型,与无机涂层复合,能够弥补无机涂层的缺陷,大幅提高涂层的湿气阻隔性能以及使用寿命,从而达到“1+1>2”的效果。通过采用不同的材料复合方式和优化工艺方法,研究者们在制备湿气阻隔性能优异的涂层方面取得了诸多成果。本文归纳了湿气阻隔涂层的阻隔机理,总结了不同类型湿气阻隔涂层材料制备方法的最新研究进展,分析了湿气阻隔涂层所面临的问题并展望了其发展前景。Moisture barrier coating is a type of surface protective materials fabricated to prevent moisture penetration,and it is widely used in the packaging of products and apparatus susceptible to environmental moisture.Inorganic coating inevitably contains defects that are generated during fabrication and service,though they perform well in shielding against moisture due to their dense structures.Hence they are inadequate to serve as long-term barriers,because water molecules can pass freely through these defects.Polymer coatings are less effective compared with the inorganic ones in blocking small gas molecules,yet they own advantages of higher toughness and easier preparation.While integrated with inorganic coating,polymer coating can counteract the defects and greatly improve the moisture barrier performance and service life of the coating,obtaining a‘1+1>2’effect.Global researchers have made remarkable efforts in testing different combinations of coating materials and optimizing preparation conditions,which results in many profitable achievements in fabricating various coatings with excellent moisture barrier properties.In this paper,the working mechanisms of moisture barrier coatings and the latest research progress on the state-of-the-art preparation methods are summarized,while the challenges and development prospects in this field are discussed.

关 键 词：湿气阻隔涂层 无机涂层 聚合物涂层 化学气相沉积 物理气相沉积 原子层沉积 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TQ633[化学工程—精细化工]