发酵鲭鱼中一株组胺降解菌的系统发育分析及特性研究  

Phylogenetic Analysis and Characterization of a Histamine-degrading Strain in Fermented Mackerel and Its Growth and Degradation Characteristics

作　　者：吴彩叶 汤海青[1] 欧昌荣[2] WU Caiye;TANG Haiqing;OU Changrong(Department of Food Science,Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315500;College of Food and Pharaceutical Sciences,Ningbo University,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315800)

机构地区：[1]浙江医药高等专科学校食品学院,浙江宁波315500 [2]宁波大学食品与药学学院,浙江宁波315800

出　　处：《核农学报》2022年第4期795-803,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：浙江省公益项目(LGN18C200019);宁波市自然科学基金(2017A610289);浙江医药高等专科学校重点课题(ZPCSR2015002)。

摘　　要：为筛选出具有优良组胺降解能力的细菌,并探索其在发酵食品中的应用,使用乳酸细菌(MRS)、结晶紫中性红胆盐葡萄糖琼脂(VRBDA)和2216E琼脂培养基对传统发酵鲭鱼(Scomber japonicus)中的组胺降解菌进行分离纯化,测定其生长、产酶特性及对发酵鲭鱼生物胺的降解作用。结果表明,菌株V-TB-2-5具有较高的降组胺活性,通过16S rRNA基因序列系统发育学分析结合形态特征确定为产氮假单胞菌(Pseudomonas azotoformans)。在营养肉汤培养基中,该菌的生长和产酶条件范围为20~40℃、pH值5~8、NaCl浓度0~3.5%(质量分数w/v),最适生长和产酶条件为30℃、pH值6、1.5%NaCl。酶反应的最适条件为30℃、pH值7。Mn^(2+)、Mg^(2+)和K^(+)等金属离子对酶有激活作用,Fe^(3+)或EDTA则有抑制作用。在传统发酵鲭鱼中,人工强化接种菌株V-TB-2-5与对照组相比组胺含量明显下降,组胺降解率为18.2%~40.7%;同时,接种组中亚精胺含量下降极显著,而精胺则上升。本研究为菌株V-TB-2-5在水产品加工和贮藏过程中组胺生物降解的控制提供了应用依据。In order to screen out bacteria with excellent histamine-degrading ability,and investigate their application infermented food,the histamine-degrading bacteria from traditional fermented mackerel(Scomber japonicus)were isolatedand purified by MRS medium,VRBDA medium and 2216 E agar medium.Their growth,enzyme productioncharacteristics and biogenic amine degradation of fermented mackerel were determined.The results showed that the strainV-TB-2-5 had high histamine-degrading activity,which was identified asPseudomonas azotoformansby 16 S rRNA genesequence phylogenetic analysis and morphological characteristics.The strain exhibited good growth and enzyme activity at20~40℃,pH5~8 and 0~3.5%sodium chloride in nutrient broth medium,and the optimum growth and enzymeproduction conditions were 30℃,pH 7 and 1.5%sodium chloride.The optimum conditions for enzyme activity were30 oC and pH 7.The addition of Mn^(2+),Mg^(2+)or K^(+)stimulated the histamine-degrading activity significantly.However,Fe^(3+)or EDTA exhibited different degrees of inhibitory activities.When artificially inoculated in fermented mackerel,thestrain V-TB-2-5 showed significant histamine-degrading activity with degradation rate of 18.2%~40.7%compared to thecontrol group.Meanwhile,spermidine in the inoculated group decreased significantly,while spermine in the inoculatedgroup decreased on the contrary.This study provides a theoretical and practical basis for the control of histaminebiodegradation by strain V-TB-2-5 during the processing and storage of aquatic products.

关 键 词：发酵鲭鱼 组胺降解 产氮假单胞菌 生长特性 酶活力 

分 类 号：TS254.1[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]