米糠和菜籽饼对黄粉虫生长发育的影响  

Effects of Millet Bran and Rapeseed Meal on the Growth and Development of Tenebrio molitor

作　　者：武卓宇 董彧 王慧超 赵瑞芬[2] 张育平[1] WU Zhuo-yu;DONG Yu;WANG Hui-chao;ZHAO Rui-fen;ZHANG Yu-ping(Biology Department,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,China;College of Resources and Environment,Shanxi Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture(in preparation),Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]太原师范学院生物系,山西晋中030619 [2]山西农业大学资源环境学院/省部共建有机旱作农业国家重点实验室(筹),山西太原030031

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2022年第7期70-74,共5页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西农业大学省部共建有机旱作农业国家重点实验室自主研发项目(202105D121008-1-11);太原师范学院大学生创新创业训练项目(CXCY2258)。

摘　　要：米糠和菜籽饼是农作物加工过程中的副产物,价格低廉但富含蛋白质、脂肪以及维生素等营养成分以及生理活性物质。为提高黄粉虫养殖效率和质量,将米糠和菜籽饼按不同比例加入麦麸中,以全麦麸为对照,麦麸和米糠(3∶2)为配方1,麦麸和菜籽饼(3∶2)为配方2,麦麸、米糠和菜籽饼(3∶1∶1)为配方3,在室温下饲喂黄粉虫幼虫。调查黄粉虫的体重、体长、干物质含量和死亡率等指标的变化规律,探究饲料中加入米糠和菜籽饼对黄粉虫幼虫生长发育的影响。结果表明,配方2黄粉虫幼虫的体重和体长增加率均为最高,干物质含量最低,但死亡率较高;配方3的平均蛹历期最长,达11.5 d,但和对照无显著差异。配方3和对照的黄粉虫在死亡率、干物质含量和蛹历期等方面都无显著差异,但成本相对较低,可以作为此类饲料的优选配方,但其配制比例仍有优化空间。Millet bran and rapeseed meal are by-products of crop processing.They are cheap,but they are rich in nutrients such as protein,fat and vitamins,as well as physiologically active substances.In order to improve the efficiency and quality of the Tenebrio molitor breeding,wheat bran,millet bran and rapeseed meal were selected to prepare four fodders.Whole wheat bran was the control group,wheat bran and millet bran(3∶2)were formula 1,wheat bran and rapeseed meal(3∶2)were formula 2,and wheat bran,millet bran and rapeseed meal(3∶1∶1)were formula 3.In this study,the changes of body weight,body length,dry weight,and mortality of the Tenebrio molitor were investigated under different formulas to explore the effect of millet bran and rapeseed meal on the growth and development of Tenebrio molitor.The results showed that formula 2 had the highest growth rate of body weight and body length,the lowest dry weight,but the mortality was also the highest.The average pupal duration of formula 3 was the longest,up to 11.5 days,but there was no significant difference with the control group.There was no significant difference in mortality,dry weight and pupal duration between formula 3 and the control group,but the cost was relatively low.It can be used as the optimization of this kind of feed,but the preparation proportion needs to be optimized.

关 键 词：米糠 菜籽饼 黄粉虫 生长发育 

分 类 号：TS2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]