不同食药用菌蛋白质营养价值的化学计量学分析  

Chemometr ics Analysis of Pr otein Nutr itive Value of Differ ent Edible and M edicinal M ushr ooms

作　　者：于士军 徐馨怡 曾婷婷 李向东 柴新义 Yu Shijun;Xu Xinyi;Zeng Tingting;Li Xiangdong;Chai Xinyi(School of Biology and Food Engineering,Chuzhou University,Chuzhou 239000,China;School of Food and Biological Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]滁州学院生物与食品工程学院,安徽滁州239000 [2]合肥工业大学食品与生物工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《黄山学院学报》2022年第3期37-42,共6页Journal of Huangshan University

基　　金：安徽省高校优秀青年骨干教师国内访学研修项目(GXGNFX2020105);安徽省教育厅一流本科人才示范引领基地项目(2019rcsfjd082);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010377032);滁州学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2020CXXL032)。

摘　　要：为探究不同食药用菌蛋白质营养价值的差异和消费者选择食药用菌提供理论依据,对33种不同食药用菌蛋白质和氨基酸组成进行测定,运用必需氨基酸(TEAA)、化学评分(CS)、氨基酸评分(AAS)、必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)、生物价(BV)、营养指数(NI)和氨基酸比值系数分(SRCAA)对不同食药用菌蛋白质营养价值进行分析,用主成分分析和聚类分析对各食药用菌蛋白质营养价值进行系统分析。结果表明秀珍菇的总氨基酸含量最高达25.07%,其必需氨基酸含量最高达8.04%;红牛肝菌、茶树菇、红菇、竹荪、黑虎掌菌和青头菌的必需氨基酸含量占总氨基酸的比例均在38%以上;黄金耳的EAAI值和BV值均是最高,分别是67.52和61.90;双孢菇的SRCAA最高,为91.62,氨基酸组成均衡性最高,其次是口蘑为88.70。聚类分析可将33种食药用菌分为5类,分别包含11种、3种、10种、6种和3种食药用菌。In order to explore the difference of protein nutritional values of different edible and medicinal mushrooms and provide theoretical basis for consumers to choose edible and medicinal mushrooms, the protein contents and amino acid composition of 33 edible and medicinal mushrooms are determined. Essential amino acids(TEAA), chemical score(CS), amino acid score(AAS), essential amino acid index(EAAI), biological value(BV), nutritional index(NI) and score ratio coefficient amino acid(SRCAA) are used to analyze the protein nutritional value of mushrooms. Furthermore, principal component analysis(PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA) are performed to analyze the protein nutritional value of mushrooms systematically. The results indicate that the total amino acid(TAA) content of Pleurotus pulmonarius is the highest, which is up to 25.07% with its essential amino acid(EAA)reaching to 8.04%. The ratios of EAA and TAA of Boletus chrysenteron, Agrocybe cylindracea, Pleurotus djamor, Dictyophora indusiate, Sarcodon imbricatus and Russula virescens are all above 38%. The EAAI and BV values of Tremella aurantia are 67.52 and 61.90 respectively, which are the highest of all mushroom samples. The SRCAA of Agaricus bisporus is the highest, reaching 91.62. The 33 mushrooms are classified into 5 groups, including 11, 3, 10, 6 and 3 types of edible and medicinal mushrooms respectively by hierarchical cluster analysis.

关 键 词：食药用菌 氨基酸 蛋白质营养价值 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S759.81[农业科学—森林经理学]